ʥ Vol.1


ȮС˵¼
ߣԶɰҹ
ͼһ
ͼԴ@
¼룺@
http://blog.sina.com.cn/makeinunovels
http://weibo.com/makeinunovels
ѧϰϽ˽Ųҵ;
24Сʱɾ鲻
ͼԴ¼롢УԵԱͶ
޸ĴıݣתرϢ


Ĺ򼧣Сλ̳˵ݱ
Ȼҵ¼ȴͻȻϮλӢµŮ
򼧵ԭҪ˹ǣȴ򼧵δ˽ˣ
޷ȡԼ״£ֻöóΪûϵ򼧵Ľ
Ҳϣ̳н˹λġӡȻڼ֮
ΪӵеġƷ֮



ʥ

Ŀ

1  õ˽
2  
3  
4  
5  ͨ
6  ʵ
7  ˹ǵ
8  ⵽Ҵļ
9  ʽǰա
10 ʥޡ١




ʥ

Ҫǳ


Ĺλ̳˵ֱ
Ӧδ򹲽ңǡ
ϲλüŮ

巨ʿ
˹ǵĵӣ֮õδ
ҰģͬʱҲǺߵλ̳ˡ


ڽ˹ڳû꣬
ǺĳƳĲһͬж



廭һ

ʥ



ӭ֮ѶĶ˷ɥĺɴسûڻ谵ļžС
·ԶʱˮеĹϳС
ʹѽʱ֣ҲԲƻ
ˣǻεҷ´ϵĲ
Щٶǳ԰ΪҪصȴ
ڵȴµߵ
ȴδ֧Լ˵ΰ֡
ǧ֮Ծֻزֹ



޴ĽȨĺ֮⣬ĽƬϣڽȺΪʵһ֮ˡһӰ
һλθݵꡣ
ӵһ˫᲻뵽ħɫӡЭĳϢȴͬʱС
Դݵ鸩ңԶĵ棬һͷɫڷĴ֮²ͣƮ
֮ǰλĹ
Ⱥ˲ŸյִǾͻƵؽĳλΧסԷǰǱˡһλͷϴŰɴŮŮһͷҹں㷢Ǳᱡɴȫס
ִ˰
⸱⾰̬·ǰһжԼ޹ء
ڴʱ
ŮͻȻ̧ͷƺע⵽ԶͶߣɴ˲䳯ķȥйɼ־Ů˫¶Ȼһʧɴ֮¡
ûзӰҲǵȻģϾ֮ǳңԶܿľ룬ˣȻڼŮ˲һС
ˡ
΢΢
Ůǰȴ
ôڡֹĺڰ
ŮȻ޷Լٵ˰ɡ



1  õ˽

峿ʱ֣һ˫ͷˡ

űðʧ򿪣ͬʱŵĽ
£簲²ˣ
Ů򼧵Ķߴ󺰣Ӳǽѡ
£Ͽ𴲣
ŮĴҡ۾ӳѿߵķ컨
մ˯оѵ򼧻㲻״һ߱ͷһ˵ʵڵģϾɵĴĲôʡ
簡ȡ
ģ׷ʲô£ɻǰֻԼԳһЩŮܹýŮƽҪע̬ΪֹҪŮ֮ģڵıȴһ㶼ƽʱ
ƽǽҲҪţðŪôôðʧأ
λڱ֮صƶСһŶܲףҲһֱɡƽʱѵԼ
Ȼôһ£
ôˣʲô𣿡
˹ǵĹŵ˹ˣ
仰֮գ۾˲عȻԾ˵ƿӡ´̡
ôᡭôͻȻ
Լǲˡ
ԲڴϢû
ǵģҲΪ̫ͻȻ
ôѾϣ¶𣿡
򼧲Ÿ꣬λȵŮ̽ƿҶԵزȻ
ǡǵġ¡Ѿڵһʱ䡭ˡ
ƽʱķӦһɣΨûע⵽״Ϊ˿̣һĵ顣ǰסȭͷһ뵽Լɰϵѣѹý˫
ϣ¶ǿ֪жġ
뵽ǱԼСһáһ߻óڵòһʹš
˹ǵĹˡڽ˹֧֮µСû˲֪塣
˹Ǳ̾ι
ңΨչֳλ֮˲ܱѡС˹ǵĹŵ˹ӣλӽɲͬĸҲֱѡڽҵĹΪԼѡˣ򼧵áϣ¶ȣͱһλѡˡ
ֻΪӵ̫͡ˡ
򼧵ĵૣÿζĻͬȣڲȫûлӦ߻൱Ʈţŷ̫Ծ
ô𡭡
Ǹϣ¶ȵµ¡
ڿ𡭡Ҳѹ֣ѡ˵ʵȴǻƷĻԲ鷢
˵ţ
¡ʵ
ʲô£
мϣ¶ȵµ¡桭
ѵϣ¶ȳʲô𣡣
ԼãԱ۵̬ԼԼϵˡ
ϣ¶ʱſ򼧵ϥϣҿ˵뵱򼧿ԼʹൽҪҧԾҲʮֲᣬΪ˰οã÷ѾⲢõһС
Ȼĵ黹ǷˣҪϣ¶ΪΪԾǿɾˡ
ȿΪԤжɫ򼧣ս˫ȭҧأ˵Ǽǵ˱治ɵ顣
ϣϣ¶ȵ˽ȥˣ͹µδ򡪡һ˽ˣ



򼧽㣺
ԭϣ¶ֵãҾͽδ򡪡һ˽ʮֱǸôԲҪѽ㣬ֻԸͬҵط㡭֪κ˶£ȴȻĺ⡣㡭أһңԶ֮ΪװĽϣδһаá




򼧽µһһ䡢ϸض˺ü飬ҲֻԶԡΪ׵ĹҲ̾һ
䲻˼ڷȫеһźӣϵģҲ΢ǷȱϸСڽҵУָƶң̵ûСΪҪڿ۶ڷһЩװƷʵҲֻһЩ𻵵ۼףԼȱһָʯϲ̨ĹŴˡˣʹңǹķΧȴСıܹû⵽Եشʵ˲ɵҳԱ·ʱоֱӿʺ磺ǹҮǡ£簲֮Ļֻ֮£ֲάϵһ档
û뵽ϣ¶ȾȻһˡǸһϣ¶ȵĸʲôʱôˡ
֪ΪΣ츸Ͷ˾еʹ
߷·˵ٸŮζͲᷢ˰
ΪһĹȴ彣װһȫں˵۹⡣ŮƽյľֹɵȻΪСĸӰ졭
ڲǷµʱˡ
ϣ¶˽
Ժиֳδò
λò꣬΢Цš
֮ĻԼ˫ĸµģȴкøУδҪһͬȹҲû˿ĲȻĸųҲ򼧸еֺܰЦ
뵽˫üַŶͷԸ˵
ˣңұʮֿգûɵҵǸ˵һЩĻѵй𡭡
ڻʱģȷ֡
ס򼧵֣Ұ˵˵Լûбġ
Ǽһʵ̫Ѷ˰Ҳпϣ¶ӽŻΪ޷ܾ¡
ΪǸˡ
Ǹõ꣬ȴǿΪɷǲʺ֮ϣǸڸ涼Եλ̳ˣָԵ˱ȽʺϳΪɷΧҲͶԿݵĿ⣬ݺƺˡ֪ϣ¶ȶԳ㡢ºкøУϾҲû취ʵֵ飬һֻ۱һֻۣԼ£ʹϣ¶ǸߣҲҪػõ뷨ÿ̬ȥԣȫûϵݱ־档
һԼ۰ãһԼҪһԼδ򡣶ڣȴǣ˽ȥˣֻܵţãȻԭء
ǡΪ˴ľлظƴ˵Լ
ȽϺá
ϣ¶նܵ˼ԭΪֻºŵ㣬û뵽ȴϧԼδȨλԼҪϣ¶ȡ
˵̫СˡһֻΪһŮɲһõġ
ΪʧȥʮҪ˶ʹϣ¶ܹҸ
ȻͬΪϣ¶ȴСٻʥ޵ġƷֱ󣬶òڽҲ൱ƶңǽ˹ѾѡѡˣػкܶǰףȻϣ¶ȴȽԻʹʧȥ˶δϣΪ¶̾ţÿһ죬һ
ʹҪҲΪ
Լλ̳˵ֱܺǻسɳΪƷϣ¶ȴ޷˵ļʵڹ⡣
ԣȻΪʧȥѹȴֻסݱˡ
ȴһݵ̬ȿڶ˵
أѽϣ¶ѾˣĹֻʣһˡҲǸʹľ֮Ҿϣ¶ȡ޸˹ǵĵӡ巨ʿص¡
仰ͬʱϣ¶ȵǷҲл䡣
ʲô
ղ˵ʲôİǡ
һãȻŸ׵
վǰ˵ȷǸףѾΪȻò
ĲϣδҪ̳λ޳ȥҲûа취ҹԭԤ޸˹ӵĹȻ˽Ҫ±֪ҹĩҲԶˣݱҲֻܴϣ¶ȼ޸ˡ
ҪҴϣ¶ȡ
šҲ˵ˡ
׿ֹʱߴƿȻؿ˼¡
ӽ쿪ʼͶԳΪϣ¶Ȱɡ
ôͻȻ˵Щλأ
Ⲣλġ
׾Ȼܲ˼ذڳ·δκƽ̬ȡ侲ؽôŵĻ˵ڣ¿ɻˡ
£һ£ʵ̫ҸôءҪԳϣ¶ȣұָô죿
Ǵü޸˹ǵӣ¾ͻɶʧȥλ̳ˡ
˽´
Ȼȴɴػش򼧵ɻ
ţµ񣬾͵ҳܺҳˣ
˵ʲô
ԷֻҪȢϣ¶Ⱦˣ뿴ⲻ𣿡
ɻùȥǵĹָôأҪҼ޳ȥûм̳ˣ𣡡
ڿѪ֮ǰұȾΪػҵҵʹ
ô˵ûǾװϣ¶ȡ޵˹Ҳ޼ѽһ̱𴩣ΪõĲСϣ¶ȡĹӵС֮ˡܹٻʥ޵ġƷҵԶϣ¶ȣһٻʥ޵٣αװֵԻᱻʶƣ
˹ǵĵ֮Իѡϣ¶ΪΪ֪ϣ¶ӵеʮǿϣ¶ħļ壬Ҳ˵һ֮ˣȻ޷ݲʹԼڵλӱض᳹ãϣ¶ȾΪ˶ڵ
ڽ˹ǵλӵУע⵽ϣ¶ȵ˾ǵӣȻᣬȴһλȨҰĵˣʱֻǸӣȴҪѰ
ǶĵڶͲС˵ôʾָδıϣ¶ȳΪҲǳ
㲻صģ֮ǰһ취ҳϣ¶ȡ
Ҳأ
ֻˡ
̫˰ɡ
ʲô⣬취Ӱ㡣
Ϊֱ𣿡
š֪ƽһ۳ңҲóʹõʤԣҲֻƾŶİ˷ѹء˳ӿĻ˵δܳΪĵڶม

ڳֱ飬ֲʲô£˹Ǳһƣϣ¶ȵδ򡪡˹ǵĵҲλ̳˵ԣĵλһ㶼ֳม
ص㲻ɡ
ô˵δ޷ΪӵֻҪĺӣֲĻĺӻΪ˹ǵĹรԲңɼ룡
£ܷҪٿЦˣ
ͷԽԽǿӲ˫Ҳסȭͷ
ȡȵȣҲһоûСİŮҲΪ˹룬ס
һ㶼ס
㣬ֻҪһõ
£ʵ˵ô򵥡
ηȭƺʱпһȭȥ
ҡҹ˶ˣΪĶΪ˹¸ҵԼδѽ
ô˵򼧶ʱ޷
ΪΪ񡭡
ΪƽüΪ㲻ĳ̶һ֮ϣ㣬һ̼޳ȥ
߸߾˫֣վڹǰݽ
⡢Ϊ׸˵Ļ𣿣
ʱ򼧲⵽ϣ¶Ҫ˽ɡ
ʵںУôȥˣȻһȭӹȥһ뵽δҲֻеŭ
׵ȷΪ˱㽫˹ǣκι򼧶ڹܣ˹ǵĵӿ»ὫΪƽذɡң˵˹ǵλӵУϣ¶ȵδ򡪡巨ʿĸΪԸ൱飬ϣ¶ҲΪŶ׮±ֳ쳣̬ȡд˵巨ʿѾ֮ġƷٻֻǿʥޣֻҪɳЩʥޣСض̼䱻𣬲ػһƬҲһȫ⵽ɱ
޷ֹ⾰Լǰ
ԼĹң΢硢ȻԼȻԣȴȻƬƽյǣЩȫеǣҡ
һжҪԼ⵽𡭡ʵڲԸ鷢
򼧲ɵΪĪĿն˫ۡ
Լϣ¶ȵҲ޵˹ǣ˵ǸõĽ巨ʿء
ԭϣ¶һֱôӵ鰡
򼧱վõʱ˽⵽еʹࡣ
ϣ¶ȿŰȶյĽ㣬֪˶ôıҪԼСĹҪԼ򼧵áڣҪԼעΪӵ֮˵ġƷͺˡϣ¶ȱض˸̾ΡֻԼһˣϣ¶ȻΪϵΪõΣܼͣʵϣϣ¶Ȼһλ㣬Ȼͬǹȴͬʱ򼧻ϣ¶ʱԼͶĽ
Լһֱϣ¶ޡ
Լ̫û񾭡̫ٶۣûв顭ϣ¶ȲŻ򼧵δһͬ˽ɡϣ¶ȶĸ𡭡
򼧻æֹס뷨
ԣģϣ¶ȲŮ
౻ʱκʱƫ˼
Щ˼ٶػĵ㡣
ô򼧶ûѡء
Ȼϣ¶Ѿٲֻ¶ĿһС
ˡ¡
򼧺òײż仰
ม򼧰Ǽİ
ȻҲԼܹʲôһžΪġ
ܸ׸ղһʱʧȥǣ˵ʲôڶ֮ĻھҽЩһߡ򼧼ٰüȥ˹ǣһӷԼʵ֣Ҳһưոݡ
˹ǿɲôô򷢵Ĺңпµñľ
һ룬һ߱˫ۣڵѾְ״̬
ǶΣϣܸϿѹ
ˣҲֻǰˡ
˼Ǽעϣ¶ϣ
ʵ



ӷĴ⿴ǰһƬϤ񾲷⡣
ԶȥһȺͯС׷ܣǵĻЦΪֵϢϸĵ·ǰԿңԶ֮ũ԰ǰũڹڵظ֣ܾò֪ӺδţȺˡ
һЩɫˡ
Уҵһ㡣
žһһԼա
ΪһĹҲֻŬȥԼΧڵ¡
һҪػһС
ҪػԼǰҲΪ˲Żġ
ȻСɽɭƣȴδӵ̲ؿĿɽûҲȱٺֻԸķʽǿάţȺֲСҪ˵ʲô֣ҲֻзռɡǹŰӣҶƽԹԣҲһС
ڶûԼ̳λΪԼ縺ҵδžŮԵᡢѡǿһ档Ժʱʼţ̣ΪͳϲԶ෽ѧϰҲΪ˽ԼøͶĥ
δ˼ȻδڵԼǶ룬еҿٵΣҲ̳˵Ρ

ءµʵ̫ˡ
Ůһ߸̾һᣬˮմʪƬ䡣
ȻҹֻһС±Ͼλ̳ˣΪηǵñôҵأ

ۡ۹ҪȥҶ׷ġ˹ǵĵǸ׺ݲ̵֮ˡҲƴ¡
ȣлл㣬ĺˡ
Э򼧻װŮһɵر̾˵ˣһҲͣ׼Լ֣ŮȴȻڴ˿ֹסˮı򼧵˵
ȻȱŮô˵ҲһĹ֪ܹܲı٣Ϊ˰޹ȥܾ֮ʱ䣬һ취װϣ¶ȵ¡ѱ١
Ҫװ
ȻŮղ˵ĻҲ򼧺Ȼع
սսתͷӣӲΪʴֻܻת˿
Ҫװϣ¶ȡ
ٴΪشʹеȻ
ӳھԼȫ۵ϣ¶ȡ
Ϊ˲ںڵĳ谭жذһβģһĹοСͲôԼԴδŮķװҴ޷ԭҰϾ鱼ˡ

۲ͼ

ȡ
ǵģʲôԸ
Ҹող뵽˵Ҫװϣ¶ȡѵҪҸһĴ𣿡
ǵȻѽ¿Ҫϣ¶ȵ¼޵˹أ
һ¡
ûŮԻ·Դม
û⣬ֻҪȽϣ¶ȵµ·ͿˣϾԺҪȫΪϣ¶ȵ£ڷװĳߴҲû̫ɣ
ϣϣ¶ȵ·ȵȣ˼ҪҴƮƮ·𣿲УֻԲУҲᴩ·
˵ʲôѽϣ¶ȵô˵ǽãôܻû취
ϣ¶ȵ·ϼ̫಻ҪװƷ·ҪôֲҪμӼ䡣
¡ҿһ⻰𣿡ԭȴԺװµĻأ
һûôԶѾ׼ȱƲѵʱ΢任һ׷װȫûҪúϣ¶һǻ˵ȻҪޣҲͱʾҷôޡ֪ҾӦϰδŮװ
¡Ůװʽװม
ֻΪŮװҲãʽװҲգԼǲȻıװ
˵ףǿ¹Ҳֻ¶ɡ֮ܶΪҪΪԼϣ¶ȣоֹٵҪеŮζ򼧾Լھô֪룬ƺ
Լδ׻أ򼧶ʱ



2  

״ý˹ǵȴ˾סĿճǡ˹ʹڴӭһ˵ĵܶԷͻ˰Ϊֵɥڼ䣬ȻֹļžѰ
򼧴Ӷִ֮󻻳˽˹׼ĵ
ĸо֡
ܾƮһ񾭽ĽŸС
ȫԼΪλ뷨֪Ⲣԭģ
ΪвԤжüͷ
ƺĳֲĶʾԼδҪԵˡ
ɶһ·˵ŮʿǣΪǱѰϢ񾭡
¡
ӵֺ򼧴ͬһԲ˵
ܾáеҮ
ţû
˵˹ǵӦǷǳĵطŶԡһ·ȴ˶ûУ⵽ôһأ
ôʣҲ޴ӻش
Ƿɥڼ䣬ӵִҲһ£ȻڶڵȺֻ޼ʹߡ
ô飬û
·˵ʹҲǰ·ܾشһ⡣
ִ֪֮֮˰ɡ
˵

˹Ĺȴиΰ
򼧴δ׳۳šʻ빬ڵ֮󣬿ԼԶĽֻһ
򼧵شһĽ︽
ͥ԰ֲ޼ľּкü״صĵ̣е̶е㲻һ
һߣһ߳ǰľʱȻеĳ
ڿҡ
ָо
ǣʹ̧ͷܣȴʲôҲû֡
ôˣ£
һŮѯʣҡҡͷ
û¡ҵĴɡ



ڲԹһ㣬һڸӵĳϲͣš
ȻԾ

Թ˿˵ͷ١
ҳʱоĽգƺҲͬڹС
ʵǰߣûãͱһС䡣
һ̤̾ȵסϢ
Ϊ㿴ӴȺ
ȻƺĲͬ
ǡ
䷿ԭ˼ҡ
ȻǽϹ˺üʺɫ˿ĻҲֹȫװƷİ衣
ֳֳǹʿűߣͨһſ
ڵȺЩضǹеλϸߵĴ󳼰ɡǽ߲Ŷֱͦվǿһ
ʹߵ֮£ǰȥ
Щ˹ҵĴƷ粻վţϿȥûвȡκζֻעŲŸյִ﹬𣿻˵ôǻĳЩ򼧲˵Ĺأ۴ʲô򼧾ǶЩ˵еܲ
һ·ʹһ°ʾ򼧵˱ȥ
иӰϯĴ󳼼سԼ
ǵӰ
򼧵ͷѸٵسǰһۡ
һ˲䣬򼧵ƺоʲô
ԭˡȷʹһ
ŵɫͷԼɫòȴ˾ͨࡣ
ô벻ֻòʹȻ򼧾ûڱϾԼϲɡ
Ӧ޷ˡ
ʹˣȻʵصͷ
ҿϣ¶ȡ
ֻܾȫװԼá
򼧵ĶЩΧܡӶŮǣҲһ뽫ͷȥ
Ųǰͣ
λƺԭԤĻ
򼧲ɵô˸ȻͷϴɴԼʵع⣬޷װɵɻȥľ롣
򼧲δ̧ͷһͬͷŮ˵ˣ
棬δΪΰĽ˹֮ͳߵĽ巨ʿص¡ϣ¶ȹѾԶ˵ء
һ˵ꡭ
򼧶漴һ
ΪϤһ֪ܵΣգͷԿʼ˼֮ǰ䶯򼧲ŸתĽ㳯ղŵλû¡
ɴͬʱ⻮ƣҲ¶˳һͻˡ
ԱߵŮ˴һ
ʲô
ҪΪԼͻɱѸٶ㿪Իᱻš
λӻǱȴкˡ
˵ʱԷˣ
˭
ԼΪ䵭ıѯʡ
ʲô
ϣ¶أ
˫۾򼧲š
ϣ¶ȡ
㲻ϣ¶ȡ
仰ܾȡ
Ϊʲô
ѵΪᴩ𣿡
ӵı鶪仰
Ҿ˵Բɻùȥ
ｫʹһ١
û˲֪ϣ¶һòŮ
ͬǹȴϣ¶ȫͬ򼧾λ̳˵֡кӰ㱻ý޸δʥѡ֮һӡѡ˵ֱ˲һ涼ȫ෴ôױ磬Ȼôͬ
򼧵ͷΪеŭ޴йȭͷʱӽ
ȵʱ䶼ûУӵѾʧȥôɴժ¡
װû񰡣ԶԶȥӦûᱻƭɡ㳤úϣ¶ȣ㱻ѡٰԭ𣿡
仰һɻӡ
ϣ¶ӦôûŶ԰ϣ¶Ȳ̤ԼĹңҲδΪ˸׵ĹޣŻ뵽Ŀķʽͳȥ
ȻӲʶǹ˵úϣ¶ȡ
ѵϣ¶ȵĻ񡭡
ԡҸûϣ¶ҲûñĻ
ѰƵؽͶǰλӡ巨ʿϡ
Ӷ޷нһ˵
ϧô硢ױòϣ¶ȸƣҲҵ۾ΪиӦ
Ӧ
˵ʲô˼
ӽѯһͷˮ򼧣
֪ΪҳδҼϣ¶𣿡
򼧴ǰʼͶеܲ˼顣
ܾǰǰλӻֻǸӵʱָϣ¶ԼδһζûȥǸСǾȻȷ˵˹ָ֣Ĺһ˭ע⵽صС
ԷںԶĵطҲԸӦƷ֮˴СѰҲûҵϣ¶ȸǿ֮ˣΨһѡ
仰򼧽ҧס´
Ҳðŭ
ӵһԼ棬Ͳɷ˵ػӽ֮ǰȻ뽫ϣ¶ȼ޸ˡ
һһʼͶϣ¶ȱû˼
Ȥֻϣ¶ΪƷߵͰˡȻǵ֪¡ȴΪʵٶȱ̯ǰߺ޵ؽҧ˫Ҫϣ¶ȣʵδӵҲԥԽ
Ϊ̫ŭȫ˶ԷǴӡ
վıӡ
˵ʲôΨһõֻһΪƷһٻ൱ʥޡΪĵ߰ˣϣ¶ȶ岻ˣȻԲѵ˵Щ
ӳ򼧵ߣ˸е⣬ƺҲȤġ
άűЦݣȻ󽫸ղųµɴӵϣŽеĽסһںµ곤Ů
񻹲Լ
ץסŮԼ

³ͻȻŮУֻŵ˽
ǵýﲻรȴ޼ֵˡϣ¶ȥˣҪֻΪʲôûҪ㲻شҾ͵Ůͷ

ŮĲӱס־ֹסϢ
򼧱ԴҪвҲòʵش
ǲʵںԥǷҪʵ˵øԼδ˽ˣ˵ڡ
ʵΪϣ¶ز
Ϊǿҵжƿòײż仰ӺȻǰЦ
ֻЦû˿⡣
̫ˣͼȻƭСĻ԰
ô֪ǻԡ
ô֪ܲϣ¶ȸûԲڴҵҵȻ֪˵練ơ
Ӳͨꡣ
Ҳϵ˵ֻ̬ø⡣
ƺĵľٴѯʣ
һΣϣ¶أ
ֻε˵ʵ
ϣ¶ĿǰٲΪ׮Ժһˡ
ԭϷŪң뱻˹ǰɡ
仰һ
һ¡ǾûŪ˼εȷʵҷ޹ģҪͷְɣܹϢŭбҪĻȡҵ׼
Ԥϵ
Ҳ˽⵽ӵŭ𲻿ܹƾԼƽϢ
¶ģ̧ͷӡ
һСŮ˵൱ʲôˣ
ǡϣ¶ȵĽ㡣
巨ʿΪ仰۾ԼץŮſ
Ůػ֮˾ô̱ڱĵذϡ
ӽ򼧵·һЩȤ
Ҫ̳жĹһ൱ĵ顣㶮ˣǸĹȷпô
ɻطӣ
ʲô˼
ôʲôû𣿡

˵ʲôʲô˼
˹ǵӿķӦ¶õı飬ģĳõߵС
ĸ׽㽻ҡ
ʲô
ӲϷѹֵЦ
ΪҿʵʱԤʩ
ôһ£
ɽ̳ҵķŭ𣿡ҲԣǸƶСòˣĸҲǹġ
ȫ巨ʿ˵Щʲô
㻹㱻Լĸ׳ˣҲ˵ȫҴˡ
ҲνҪĻԸʱҵ
ţϸǸֳЦݡ
ΪԼ΢Ϊˣ
ʲ
źҲܸ㸸̸ϣ¶ȱȽϵļֵûУȻ̶ֳȵŮΪϣ¶ȵ˳ǸĹƾҲģҲء

ұСҲƲϵСˣΪ⿿һ˵£Ҫǽ廹ɴཫȫΣ
仰սȭͷ
ΨԲ
˼Ϊֻʣһֶֹ緢
ֻסȷĳ´£ȻסĴҲͬʱС
ȻôΨһİ취ˡ
΢΢غһ
һ˲䣬ѸײڶٶȣԤصСסӵĺ
þʹ㣡㲻ֻȡһ˵Ҿ͵ĺ

۲ͼ

򼧵ΪһֱûжĽ˹Ǵɧѡ
¡ʲô
ĻҲʧ롢֪ôźá
һʼΪͻȻ̽סһϾͻָ侲
ΪԼ»ȫҿƺԼʲôڿв˹ǵม
ҵȻףԲŻôڸˡҪҹ׳ȫʹһ˶ŹޣҪĻʲôͬȻҪҲһҲֻǵűɱ
ǿӣȫûò˼
֪ҵĳѾ˷ΧһֻԼЩҲͬʱɱม
ΣǶ޷ˣǲҪɱ㣬󶼻ͬˣ⴦ǰɡֻһн֮ǰһһͷ

ȻҲٻΪʥޣ˵üһ
Ƶķԣý巨ϸֳõı顣
ǲֻΥԼ߳ŭҪϽ˹ӵĺҪ£ֻöڱ״±ֻ¡ų֮ม
ҪҲ޷ȥʲôҪ֮£ʲôЩûйϵ
ִĵֻ壬Щȫ޹ء
˵ܹȥиһǱʲôҪ¡

巨ʿغȻϸ˫ۣͶ̽Եߡ
Ǹס̽
Ѿþ򣬾Լ౻䴩ҲҪڵ֮ǰӶеС
ˡ

ӶԽն̽˿òô˵
Ҿ͹ֻȡ
򼧲û˶иֻǼǰӡ
Ǿԡ
Ҫʲôģ
ʥ֮
˵
õĳƺģȻ޷š
ʥ֮ԡ
ԼΨһ취
ΥԣôҲܵõԼĵλ˰ɡҪʥ֮ĵΥԼԣ׳ôϵȵġƷʥ޵еλΪߵҲԲͬǸ˳Ϊµʥ
ʥһҪ߲ܵҪ˵ĻڽΪ˹̣ΪǱȽϽӽаһˣΨһϵġ
ǾǣΪ֧ʥ֮ˣԲʥ֮µԱƻ
Ҳ򼧻еĺ⡣
˵ɲǼ佻ᡣ
˲оǰδеķŭȻ
ڸ𸲣
ˡҾʥ֮ģӦҪԶȫѪһ˵ֳɡ
仰һҲеĶ̽Ӻƿ
һϢۿʿǴʱһӵϣ򼧳˹ȥ
Ȼ˵ֻҪõղŵԱѾ㹻
ľ
û뵽巨ȴֹʿǡ
һ£ȱ֡
һ
Ӿֹ֣׼ԵĴǡ
УҲ׼Ϊ
ţӵЦݡ
ɱҲ޷ҡȻֻ΢СҲ˷ѣҽһҲեȡɡ
򼧲ʲô˼ǶͶɻĿ⡣
ҪٻʥޣֻҪٻ޷ɵľ޴ʥޡ
ӸղǾ仰˼
Ӵ򼧵Ϊٻʥޡ
ƾӵе֮˸޷ʥޣֱƷܹٻԭʸΪǿʥޡ
ʵַٻʥޣҲһۡ
ΪõĲСʥޡ
Ҫôԭֻһ
ֻҪõµʥްˡ˹ҵˣܹͬʱӵвֻ֧ʥޣҪٻһֻʥޡ
֪ˣ˰ɡ
򼧵ͷ̾һ



򼧱뻤ߣһȫͬĵط
һ̶ǰδķ䣬и̨̨ڷԻƽװεΡ
ڵļҾҲȫǶһ޶ľƷƶҵҲһۿЩȫǸ߼ƷϸһȻרʹáС䡣
ǡ
ˣһƺĸߵŮ٣̲סɵؿ
Ϊ׼ķ䡣
ŮٵĻش򼧸еԽԽ֡
Ҳϣ¶ȣҸղŻ˺ҪҮסĺ𣿡
Ůȴ˸˵
ǽ巨µ

Ǹӵ
üͷ룬Ǹӡ
ǺȻý˴ֺķ䡣
򼧱Ϊ㲻Լ뿪֮ᱻؽηĽչȴϡӵЩʲôǶղĹʩ𣿲˵ĵһӡʵڲµˡ
ðɣȻҾͲˡ
Ů漴˳䡣
ʱʼձֳĬΨһ򼧹ͬжŮȻת
һΪԼͣסأ
˵һȴŻ˵ӡ
˵ǹ²Ŷԣֳ֡ΣΣյľٶҲһҪأ
Ҫǲôᱻม

ˣͱˣӴŻԣӦòᱻɱ֮ĽѾܺˡ
ʲôѾܺˣȻΪٻֶֻе͵ʹħ̶ȵʥޣҪ̳˵ôԱӣǲ
̾һ
ҵõˡҾԲԥ
򼧵£
ѾˣЩĵıȽϺáҪҵҶᱧԹģȻѾʥ֮ģͬҲ޷ΥԼ
ǣ¡ֻһԼ
ϣ¶ȵΪ˱ԭ£ҲСˡ
Ϊ仰Ƶر졣
򼧿ŮķӦ΢ı黺
Խ˹鱾޷ԭµģ˹ȣӶҵĴѾʮֿˡˣҲ൱òѾǼˡ
¡
õģҴһʼ׼ôһҲᲨǵȫҺô򵥾ŵ
ʵҲеظܵȵ顣
ҲЩԼֿڲǵ顣
ÿһ˶򼧣򼧵ĸסޡϣ¶ȸĽ򼧣ǲԸһ̤ͬ˿ܻɥọ̵́˽ҵ⡣
ֻҪһ뵽ǵ飬ΪԼľеЩǸҲ
Ϊֻʣ·ˡ
£ô˵ֻأ
֪Ϊģô˵ɡ
ҹСұϾļ̳ˣػҵһ㶼ڡ
˵֮΢΢¶Цݡ



3  

ϣ޷ߡǰ˯Ĵ̺ܲһ㶼ʹõƷڽӴޱ
˵ΪʲôΧҪӰ
иһ谭ж𣡣ʵڲΪĶ
ȻҲϲޱ˵ϲá
һ룬һ߷˸
巨ʿصںʱٻʥأ
ʵ˵򼧲ûۿνʥޡ
ûӵٻʥ޵ҶҵŮҲǵһαѡΪ֧ʥߵѡˡ
˵ǰδţҲ޷ᷢʲô¡
˵ҪٻСԶ֮˵ʥޣҲôһ¡
ЩԼĻôأ˵ΪûȷʵԼķڹգ̱֮ߣҲûʱ˵仰ԵĻ֪ܷ˴ǣ򼧺Լںܺáõġڹѵøɽһߡ
ںڰо˼ԺҪԵ顣
ʱͻȻĳ̵̿졣
һ̧ͷ
ʲô
ϸҳԴ

ڴӵĺ󷽻ӷڣϷûССӰ
ãȻǸ塣
ʲô
סͷµĶ̽ŵ´
Ŀȥ֮󣬿ǸҵæųԶ
ʲôǶ𣿣
Ŀתصͷע·
ǰɵǳɫëԲΣͷƺƶĶΪ̫СûëֻõͻĲ֡
ԡǽǡ֧֫ҲΪ̶̫ëס룬һ˷ֱ治ͷ
֮ܶβ͵ĲλӦƨɰɡ
רĵϵıɡ
ЩŮٴʱѾ׼õģʵûԣǾôˡ
򼧺ضǰ￴۾ѽ
Сƺע⵽򼧵Ĵڣŵ
̧ͷë֮˫۾򼧡
ͣǺܺ°ɡ
ƺ޺
֮򼧽ʣµıɰ飬ƺ͵ĵط
գգ۾ڳеıɡ
ÿɰ
ԽԽϲԶӣһƬһƬι߳ԡ
ó𣿺ùԺùԣҲԡ
˯ţÿԴʱ䡣
Ůڸڵר÷˯ûע⵽ССߣ
£ҲͣؽͽСҲĵسԸͣûӱһɨա
ڣֻڱһٺѾȫ򼧻ˡ
򼧵ϥϣʼԼϵë
㵽ʲôﰡأû֣
򼧿ѯʣȻò𰸡
Ա˾ͻȥɣɲļม
򼧲Զ˾ʮˣҲܹ
ﱧŵذϡ
ȻֻССȴ԰˵ģ̧ͷ򼧡
򼧲شϢȴ˹
ޱ֮СﻹԲεӯϴ̡
û취
ȥֻС򼧵ߣ˯ˡ
֮ͺ˯СΪģʽǵ׶ͬʱԼҲеˡ
ֻܾҪ·еĽδĲɢȥ
δܹůϣ֪ؽ˯ߵС



ʱѾӰ

򼧶˵ľ
¡ڰҹ͵ԱɣҲñมгԵĻʵ˵˵̰ԵġֻҪԱɣܷ΢עһ³أԵӶǱмöġ
û˵С
򼧻˵һ롪
պߵߵţõ򼧵֮һȺӵŮ߽ڡ
Ϊ׼˲͵㡣
ǽ͵ˡ
ѽллǡ
ŵʳζ˵سл
Ů׼͵ڵϣȴΪɢųʣıм˵
εץץͷҿڽͣ
ˣϰҷֵʱѾиֵϡ
£ѹƸڵﲻһļ̳˸ม
ȥ⿪ᣬǱ͡
ԼҲûÿɻˡ
㱻ΪԱɳԵõмѾνˡ
򼧱Ű̬ȺŮ棬Ȼͷŵϡ
ڰʳһ羹ȻṩôʢĲ͵㡣
ųȫڶԴһ̵ͬĹ
ܵҲǽ巨µָʾ𣿡
һʣ̵ͷ
ǵġ
ô
ΪҪĹ֮һ
仰˫ۡ
ҪĹ
֮һ
Ҳ˵ﻹޣ
Ϊѯʡ
ǵȻġмתЩ˵ĹѾϣһͬ͡
ͣ
ǵģסĹǣԼʱǸڷòֻͣʱֵؾһ𡣸λӦûͥ԰һܻ㣬һƷ͡һ¾ͻӭȥ
ǻǡлл
򼧲˼Щ˭أ˹ȷʵֻλӰ
ˣȵȻͻɣ¡
ʸ𣿡
ʲôأ
ҿж𣿡
˵ʲô
ҵ˼ǣûбֻܴڷ𣿡
Ů۵ͷӦ򼧵⡣
£ǵȻѽκһλ巨µĹܵжơ
ʾҿ뿪ޣ
ȫչ˼
ѵûҿܻ𣿡
ûбҪġ

򼧲Ůе˼



ڸлƽ߿ľ̨ǰſʼϸĵض̣
£ȻЩǡʲôˣСģǧʧΪ
ϣƽΪͷ
ƽʱ⽫һβͷſɢϡ
Ƚһֳ𣬲ĵطװɫС
򼧵У⻹ǵһαҪ鷳װ硣
ľӡԼһһĳƷ
·Ү
򼧲Ϊ߳ȳסһֱŵȹӣٶ
ͣϯֳôԴ˵·أ
ҵѾˣƽĴͿ˰ɣ
УĹһҪ
򼧷Ƶҡϵֻ̾һ
ҵҲʣ޼ˣҴԼϲ·
仰⡣
ſ鲻ͣϻ䣬룬ˡ
ǸҵĴҲԣ֮ǰӦԶʢװ磬ǰɡţ
١
Բʧԡ˵ûҪĻ
أ¡뷨ʵ̫ѹˡ
λŮ˵˫桢ʼޡ򼧿ķӦнԺԲ˵Ļ
ʱ
£ˡ
ΨֳͶƵ˵
ҸˣǾ鷳ޡ



򼧸ǰӭԼŮһ֮ȫºȻܵĳĲЭգ̤ʱҲͬĸо
ǳţԲδرܣڲע⵽ȵװηͥԴʯɣǶϵľɫͷ׵ˮƽƳɾ򣬶һ򼧲ı̺װε顣
ܹڲ˻ȴһƬž
򼧴֮뿪ڣ뻧ȡ԰ɫΪ֧ÿϷɫŵĻơ컨䣬ɴ˴ϸͥ԰
;һʯףʯ׾Ϳһͨͥ԰С
ǰ߹һƬ޼һ˿֮ǰ쿴Щ״ĵ
ȥϸһƣŷÿ޵ȶ͵̶ɵƷ
һţһζȻǰľɫʱߺȻһŮõЦ
ͣ½ŲǰкüЦš

Ϊڱ⣬ͥ԰ｨһٺ͸ֻܵľ޴ܣ·һźܴĳӡ
ܰڷСԲӣǸԼԲ£Ʒʱ⡣
۵Ĵ²ͥ԰֮ΧɨƵذ
λǶϣ¶ȹ¡
Ů˽ܣ¶·ʡʲôɻ顣
ȡһ¡ǡ
򼧼æҪϣ¶ȣǻû˵ͱ߽ߵĹǴˡ
Ĺ£μ档
ʱйĴء
ЩЦݵ򼧴кŻǣ֡ǰߡ
ʱ򼧵ļͻȻָץһ¡

ʹüһͷһҲ֪˭ġ
Ϊԭ򼧼ϵ˻ȥҺüվĹȫ¶ɰЦݡ
һλĹһء
Ϊ׼㡣
һſ¡
ͻҪԺһ֮ǰһͬƷɣϣ¶ȹ
ģ˵ǡǸ
򼧺ǽԼϣ¶ȣϣ¶ȵĽ㣬ܵƺ˿ڿڡ
⡢ﲻĸоǡ
Ȼÿ˶ͶԳЦݣȴ֪ΪθеһķΧ
޷һڹǵݸԼĲ衣
һ˲䣬㽫еĲ³
ŨĵĿڸУæװɫҺ塣
ǡ
ǲ˵ǲ裬¶ֺ񲻹̡
οһĲӦòŨɡ
ԣ˵ڽ˹ͨĲ衭
ô룬ǵǵĲ豭󣬷ǺȵĶͨĺ衣
£ôˣ
ûֻǡ
ϿȣΪϣ¶ȹ׼һرζĲӴ
ȻֻҺֻң
ûȹֲ衭
򼧴ؾǣһ̡ѽһ˳ͻȻסҭҭؿ
ϣ¶ȹ£ǲ˵׼Ĳ費ĿζҡҺĵ׼ϣˣȴ
ףƷ
æҡͷϣ޷ŮԼǰˡ
ֻúȥˡٲǶҩɡ
򼧰οԼǳԻӰˣȻһȹⱭҺ塣
ÿม
һƬȻ򼧻˵ѽĺȥҮԼɣ֮Ļ
ɡʲô˼˵
򼧲Լƺ׽Ūˡ
ΪΧߵĹȫЦѡ
Ļˮɡ
ţʢˮӰڵǰ

ϷһƻСôֱֱزƻϡ
ܣõ϶ʢȥƤгƬ״ƻܹϡ
ŻȻ
ҡ
νż
ôٶۣҲôһˡ
ȺŮԼ
ôϣ¶ȵ£
ѽʵ˵İɡ
򼧶ԣֱƻҧųǼҳ㷹
¡
ͨĹŲôɡΪ˲ƻϣ¶ȵΪ˴³ľٶ
֮Ƥɡ
򼧷աʼСƻƤʱΧٶ𣺡ƤҮԼɡȾ
˵⵽ʲôþȵģ
ʲôЩһԴС֡
򼧸оЦصĶ⣬еɡ
Ҳġ򼧵Ǻܿ϶
һֱȥҲǰ취
ʡǵ˭أ
Ǳ˴˻¶΢Цش
ϣ¶ȹǸһѽ
ʲô
ٻʥĹΪ˽巨¶ġ
򼧲ɵõס
Ȼ
ٶ΢ЦŻش򼧵ʣ
û˹涨ֻһӴ
˵ʵ򼧴г
ַŶͷԼ˵侲侲˵
ô¡ȵȣҼǵý˹ǵȷһơô˵ʲôǸӡòĴͬʱȢôӰɣ
Ӧ˵Ǹʸϣ¶ȵĲ
ʹֵλȽϸߣôҲδ̫ˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
ԼȻ˶ô붼òֵá
Ȼ
ϣ¶ȹôˣ
һŭرط
Үִܱϲɫļû롣



򼧴ȳڣץסһĴ󳼵ֱۡ
ι㣡
ȼŭĺɫŶԷɫ԰׵ˡ
ƺϳǰŮŶ̽ϵӺĶ
巨ʿ
󳼼شΪҪ˵ֹ˵Ĺ㲻û˯ʱͷ
˵Ҫǲ˵Ļ
򼧽ץŴؿڵ·ҡ壬ڴʱ
˵ĻҪϱ˵ĺ𣿡
еӱ󴫹䲻һ
һͷԼҪҵӾվ
ͻʹһʱ˵
ôᡭ
㲻𣿡

Ϊ䲻ѰĻش̵˽⵽Ӿͨˡ
һ˫䵭ɫ۾Լɡ
Գŭǰӡ
Ҹղżġǡˡ
Ŷ
巨ʿͷ򼧵ķŭֳں̬ȡ
򼧸սȭͷ
ﲻֻϣ¶һ𣿡
˵ʲô
Ǹҡﲻֻһˡ
߹΢ЦĻߡ
ÿ˵ı﷽ʽͬ仰û˵
ҿûбҪԼֲʵˡ
֮ǣ¶Цݡ
ļ̳˰Ҫʥ֮ģȴҪԼΥ𣿡
ô˵ϢԶԡ
ҪԣԲƻҲ˵ͬûΥʸ񡣡
ץס򼧵Լ
ҪԼ
ȴ˦ӵ֡
㲻˵ϣ¶Ȳ𣿡
ȷõľϣ¶ȣûиı䡣
仰˼ϴֻϣ¶ӵõʥĵλȻҲӵʥޣҪõࡣ
Ϊ˴ĿģҲ֣οֲֻһ
򼧷߿˵
㻹˵ǲ֪ܡ
巨ʿ˪֮˼䵭ƺˡ
ڲ᲻ýԼҪҲûม
򼧶ʱܵ衣
˭ҪģֻǻֵΪļֵ𣿡
ô˵ˣҵģԼҲ㽫øκˡ
Ӷ򼧣˫ɫ۾¶ߡ
㽫ΪҶ



򼧻ʱӵĶԻбٶŭ
Цˡ
𣬵˵Ҫȫϣ¶
ֻһС뷨Ҳ̫ˡ
ûҪʥ֮ģĻԶȫѪɡ
Լܵӵӣ򼧸Ϊиеߡװʲôѽ
ϣ¶˷á
뽫ϣ¶Ƚӡ
Ϊ׵ĹޣǷƴѰϣ¶ȵأ
ҲҲãϣ¶ȸֵü޵
򼧱˫ۡ
̫£Ҫʧˡ
ƵãȻڴϡ
ιҲ˵𣡿
ʱĳ֪ﴫ
ΪͻȻֵŵôӴϵŻΧ
ǷڵȻûκˡ
ȻٴղǸ
˵ԣԡ
ƺѾþ
ڷԺδ
𣿣
ڴ桭Ӧá
û¥ݿҮ
򼧱䵽ķڹ¥ʵǼæ´Ҫ˵ǻҲ̫˰ɡ
ֵķһ
յĴͷиССӰһ
򼧳һ
ǲǡ
ǸԲε
ǸڿץŴ
һ˲䣬Ȼ׵Խܽ
Ļֹ
и꾾סֻ޵βͣŴԽǽڲҽڡ



4  

ֻ뷿ڵޣ򼧵ץš
һʱ޷ܳôڵϡ
޿ĵͷĥ򼧵ؿڣģ
ڲǸˣʱ
˭
򼧴ǰһֵͬꡣ
һϽڣ̹ڵϡ


ĬػһӣʱΪƿߡ

¶ı飬·˵ˡ
ҾԲʲôɷӡ
Ѿ˰ɣ
ֻǸպ·
¥Үô·ģ

ڲǿӲѯʡɥش¼򣬽ŵص̾һ
ҲҪ̾ء
ȫŪôһ¡״һ˲ӱʵ
ղһﴩǽˣ
Ҳ¥ֵǳʽҲܲѰ
ع۲ǰģ
ղܵûע⣬ϸһƲŷ֡
ɫ۾
ɫ۾൱һͷɫͷ䡭ֻܾøһصӡ

۲ͼ

ɫעĿ
̲ס̾ʱȴ޵βӲǽ
ιʲô
ֻСﱻסβ͡Ե̬ڰС򼧿ôֹ
Ǻܿ𣡡
æѿСرڻҪ۸
ҲβͰɣҪô죡
򼧵ĻһȻػش
Ҫǿ
ɡָĸܣŰ
ô˵ǽ򼧵šãı漴תɴĵ׵塣
ǸŮ
ǰɡᡭ̫
һô°
һƬңΪֳһļһ֪롣
ԭһŻô׽Ҿ;֣ΪСַǳӦò׽˲Ŷԣôϲһԭ򡣡
ףûûΪ
ԽԽɻ
Է˵ƺ̫ԡ
ŴΪιԶ
֤ݾǡ
޲֪ʱ򼧵ĻӣȻͷĴ˳ұɰɡ
ϧǣϲûзűɡֻԲεûԼҪҵĶɥƵشͷ
ǲӦ׼һЩɱȽϺأ
򼧿ģеܱǸͷ
桫
˺ޣԲε̧ͷ˵ػصߡ򼧿ͣҡβģ,ղŽеĴְɡ
ֵ֡
˼Ʒζ϶̫á
ʵ
ʲô
ͷ
Ҳ֪
ʲô
֮֮ġ
һ֪˰
ëܺǻʲôͬɣ
ҾȫҲҮ
˵һԣҲޣ
ԣֵĲֻֻǰҲһա
㵽ǡ
׼ʱ
һźȻ򿪡
£ô𣿡
ԭרõķ˯ȴΪղŵɧ˹һ˯ۣһ߽򼧵ķ䡣
ôˣʱѾôˣʲô𡭡
򼧻ŵתͷȥ

򼧲û£ȴɵһż
ǰҹķھȻһİ꣬һһɧһһ۵ŮҪʱ俴˵ķиӣ϶ᵱȻ赹
µԭܸӡҪรԼ㴩ǽڴģҾû飡
򼧼Žֻͣ¶ɻı顣
£˵ʲôѽ
ף
˵ġǡ˭أ
ңҲ
򼧽ͷתԼһ
ס
ղѾʧˡ
ˣô£
ǵոΪֹȷǰ
æӷڣȴʲôҲû
ɫͷɫ˫꣬һȫںȻ֮ʧˡ
ΪԷһ۾һλ˷䣬ǲڵĶǲڡ
𡭡
Ҳԡְסͷʼ˼Ҳ̸ԼȷʵֻС
Σֻ޽мŪǣ֤һ
⾿ǡ
ͷܾͻ



һ磬ŮǺһʢʳ򼧵ķ䡣
˵Ƿǳϧ
æʱһŮô˵
ϧ
ϸһ򼧲ŷԼǰȥͥ԰Ůƺ򼧻ҪСһڷźһ߶˵
ǵġ˵òһͬͣȴҪߣǾʮʧ
ʧǰɣܾǵķӦܿม
˵ͻȻһ£ŮղŽĻͥ԰ļ̵ػָˡһЩ¡Լ˸е¡ڸֻ䵱Уĳġ
ˣһ¡
ıٴղŶŮ
ΪҪǽϣ¶أ
ʲô
򼧡ʣŮ¶ȵı飬·֮⡣ŮķӦƺԾ򼧿ģҲ΢΢üеƣһѯʣ
㲻ЩǡܣԶϣ¶𣿡
ŮԽԽʵͷ
ʡﲻֻ˵֡
ǰͥ԰Ů¶ĵı飬ƺܺԼʲôشĹʧıӻ򼧸е⡣
ǹ򼧵ġ

ѵ˵ЩΪϣ¶𣿣
򼧾ò£ǿŮһķӦҲòôΪ
Ϊѯʣ
еͻ㣬Ϊ˭أ
סǶϣ¶ȹ𣿡
ΪʲôΪ
Ϊ巨¡ôǡ
ʲô
ͻȻ֣򼧲ɵȫӲ
ǽ巨˵ġ
ǵģ˵ϣ¶ȹڴӶ˴ҪҪصط
ʲô
򼧻Լˣ䡣
˵˭ģ
ٶȷϡ
ǽ巨ม
úոҲԼˣô붼òԾ
ǸΪҪô˵
򼧵һŻҡ
Ǹһʼ֪򼧲ϣ¶ȣ򼧲ͱУΪλᱻ˵ϣ¶أ
ԣҲпûת
ô󣬾ϢûдﵽÿһҲпԭ
򼧴㽫Ůô˵
ʵǡ
û˵꣬Ů۾ԹԵؽȥ
巨ºǳϲม
Ϊ仰ٶȫӲ
˵ʲô
巨ʮָ˵˵봫һλɵĹҵ»ԺضĹ˵治ѡԼҵ۹һ㶼û

ܵһ
ԭĻ־Ǹӣ
ɿǵ׿Ǹӡ
ϣ¶ȵļϢɢȥġ
ѹһֱﲻԾԭǻɣŻصؽΪͬڷߵ򼧴Ϊϣ¶׼ķ䣬ԲǶղĹͬġ
˵ĸôŤһʼ֪ˣû뵽ԷȻô
Ĵ㽫ҵեһβʣ
Ӳֻ뽫򼧵׸ʥ޵ġƷһҪδ̫˰ɡ
ĺɣԸҲ̫ˡ
ǳȽϺá
æ˵
Ҫ˵ʵҲϣ¶ȣϣ¶ȵĽ㣬򼧡˼˵⿪𣿡
Ů꣬¶·˵ѽı顣
ǵġϣ¶ȹ氮˵Цô˵Щ׽ŪЩء
û׽Ū㣬Ĳϣ¶ȡĽ㣬
巨²Ūģϣ¶ȹ¡
ǵģұӶ
ʹ򼧺˵ȴû˵ڡ
ǽ˹ǣô룬򼧶Ƶһ
Ӱ˳ɶڳĴ˷ɡ
ˣеôܻᵽڶ򼧾ϣ¶ȡ
˲֮ô᲻Ϊʵתһ룬Ϊԣܡ
ֻٻʥ޵ʽ֮ʾͻᱻҴ
ô˵Ȼ򼧱Ů˵ļıƵ;ĩ·Źôġ
뵽ȫƺʧȥŬ
ϣ¶ȻǸһ˵˶˻Լ
ôСϾǸңΪСҵĹҲһܱҵ¡Ѿƣŭûˡ
ȻŮֶ򼧿ˣ
£һ¡
ʲô£
򼧲ѣֻŬ̧صͷ
ĹҪתһҪ͡
Ҿܾ
򼧵±ϵػؾ
סǡ
ǸҾܾϣԼķ͡һҪһò͵ĻԸٳһͣһ˾һɡ
ƣ˵
ܾһɾС
˵˹ǸŹֵĵطĪޣпԴԽǽڵˡǸУҲ̬ȡ
ʵ̫ˡ̵ĸ롣



ʱѽ硪ԶڷȺ籩˲ðѾ
ߵߵŸմǱδ֮ǰŽ뷿䡣Ⱥմ뷿ڵˣͥ԰ЦֵĹǡ
ϣ¶ȹ£ѽ
ѽôˣΪʲôôƲأ
ʲô𣿡
ԲԣһΪϰƵģ
ˡǺ˽รΪҲԶԼ˵صģտʼҲʮֵصĺء
ϣ¶ȵ£÷գкܶ˶ǹµѣǻ߾οġ
˭˭Ⱦҡ
ԿԼŮȺֵĹ̫ǿƣȲվһԡ
ֻܸжؾãѽ¡ôͽڶʱ򣬴СͼֻкһЩϷûиŮһȴôͬԵѣȵȻ˵òˣҪϲõˮ
УܿȡѾˡ
ڷ֮ʱѾǣ֡
ϣ¶ȹ£鲻ѵʱҪͷӴ
ŵЮס򼧵ֱֱֻӽſڣʹҪˣѾ桢ȫסĺ·Ҳֻǰߡ
֮ǰǴһɣ
⡢ӦáѾܾ˰
ǺûʳʱԲҲöٳһЩǣȻûоม
У˵ʲôûá
Ǹû򼧽
ЩҲɢŻϢԽ䡣



ǲɷ˵ؽ򼧴ȴͥ԰
ϣ¶ȹҪ¶˱˵ı
ϣ¶ȵ£쿴ˮǶô
ǰˮԴ覵ĴʯƳɣһҪο򼧰ˮرԵ¡
ˮһǳëľ޴ҰһŮ໥һ𣬶峺ˮԵ񶥶к¡
ˮร·鶼ܵϴء
ߵĹȥڳص׵ıȪˮ
ģоɣ
еҵġ
;УΪű·Ҳûа취ܣֻĬĬܼԼϵĲҡ
ÿ򼧹ڵʱǱᾪѽ£û°ɣǿǡҪСġȻ˸оЩ̬Ƚ
Ƿ򼧵ʱᳶͷָץ򼧼ֱˡ
ԷԣʱԻóȭ򣬲ԵŮҲֻˡ
һԵĹˮմʪ˫򼧵򼧱ǱĴһתͷȥλںǺЦţǷµĶ緽СŮ¶ɰЦݵģʮֳˣһҲûС
Ҳǡ
ϣ¶ȵ£ƺ̫Ү

ѵΪ𣿡
졭
Ϊϣ¶ȵ¸ˣԷǳ˼οһд𣿡
ԷԱ˵ô˵򼧶ʱ
Ҳû
û𣿡
ǡȻİ
ֻôشΪŮǻر󡣶˵ЩŮͬϣ¶һԼñĶ󣬾΢ܵ۸ҲܸŭǣֻܱŰ̬һС
Һøˣϣ¶ȵ̫ˣ
ϲεס򼧣˳ƽơ
̫ͻȻʹһʱ޷ӦһҡΣعʱѾһˤˮء
ɵסˡ
̧ͷһղǸסĹ֪ʱѾվɵ˽ˮ
ѽŮǿˮǹⷢ
ϣ¶ȹ£û°ɣ
ʵ̫ѽ
֣
Ůĺÿֲ
ڴ֮ǰûκŮѣƫˡ
¶ģԺ󲻹ܷʲô¶ԲŮѡ
ΪѾҪԣദȲùĨֺڣҪǣԾͲùôˡ
ò״ˮһ߽ˮصšɣһ룬ҲԻȥ˰ɡ
ȻŮƺ㡣
ѽðġ
ûϵ׸ð
򼧼æҡͷ룬Ҫʲô㡣
ǣȫû򼧡
øϽ·С
ǰɰɡ
֮ǰԡȽϺม
ǸҪطˡ
ν뱻Ůסֱǰľ
ԼѾȫŮеˡ
ϣ¶ȵ£ߡ
ŮٶȽ򼧴
˹ǵԡ൱غӴϣ¶ȵֻԼķ򵥵ԡ԰ɣ
˹ﱸŮרõĴԡء豸ǳ鶼ܵϴӡ
¶еˮܵĻ㣬ְͬ泩
ȫʪ͸ˣѾˮˮϴ裬˿еţԡνһطɡ
ϣ¶ȵ£ǵˣӭ˹ǵرԡҡ
ǰһԡҵķ䣬һ˷š
ֿʱ䶼ûУͱ˴Ӻƽڡ
ס
ܡ
ķžŹ䵭һˡ
ڰС

ȫʪ
رԡң
ôԡҰ
̾һ룬ӦҲ׽Ū˰ɡ
ЩԽӶЩʹĶ磬򼧵еǡ
סŰҪš
ǡ
ֻһžȻ򲻿
ô£
׷ʲô¡
֮ܶڴ򲻿еˣæתŰѣȴȫûпļ
ڵ
ѵ˵ұ𣿡
żš
ǵһ£ڿʲôЦ
ƺûаӰֻŮõЦԼԶȥɽŲ
ұƭˡ
򼧸û뵽ԼֶܵԴڵֱһĪչ
ôأ⿿ԼҲȥ
ȻҪȣ⸽Ҳûˡ˵ЩĶ磬һǹƫƧĵط򼧹ġ
ƣضڵϣַ𽫳ϲ
ܲˡ
ʵ͸ˡ



5  ͨ

ڷڵ򼧿ʼ״
ûдĻ谵صʯ콨ѤõĹ൱ټǽߵļذڷŵн˹һµĶƣԼס֮ƷǶѷľ䡣
ǲǡĲֿⰡ
ֱؽһ൱˵ĵط
Ҳǹ鷳ķ֮һɡԼĿǰĴʼһعۿڵƷ
Щʹá
ָƣָմϻҳ֤ЩѾܾûʹá
䷿û˳ɡ
Ҫ˻ȥȣżˡ
ԭδʲô¶Ҫͣȴ벻鷳У治֪Ǻá
ֻҪػԼĹңʲôԸȻ붼û뵽ǰԼľȻĹȼļġ
ң巨ʿΪβ̽ҵɡƷء
ֻҪٻСʥޣӦòҪʲô¡ص׼ɡ
ΪӻΪ˶áƷĸûôģҲǻ˷ʱˡ
򼧲ֲԤС
ֻԤôһ¡
Ϊʲôеء
һ̤ϡٵĹʱܵŸС
򼧾ȱĳֶ
ԴӽеĲЭϢǡ
򼧱س˼֮ʡ
ȻиĶĽףŵûع
ʲôף
򼧳Ծ۾
иĽűߡĽš
Ҽǵá
ǰԲһ򼧵ҡβͻӦ
棿
źֻ֣޿ĵԾ򼧵ϥǣȻƵͷĥ򼧵ؿڡ
ôǴġˡ
̾һ
Դǽһӻڴǲбĳء
˫ֽޱȫֿô򼧱š
ɵĴ򼧾ú
ҪʱҲиһͺˡ
һ˵֮꣬Բ۾һ̵شѡ
ôˣ
ȫ򼧵ĺӯǽڶѻСӣҡβͣڽ򼧹ȥ
ô𣿡
һʣͿʼͣצץСӡ
㵽ʲô
룬Ǹòʳɣ̰ԡ
ҡҡλεż⣬˵ڵϣȻ
òסĽ֮⻹йͳìҿ൱ɣȻֵطҲʲôرɡ򼧽Щջʱ޲֪ʱ϶ҡβͣվӣ򼧸ղƿǸ֮¡
ĿǸ𣿡
򼧴ŽڶӰһƣҲûʲô۾һĶͷޣٶһӡ
ʲô׽Ū𣿡
ֲޣֿʼץľˣεֻôְͻȻע⵽Ӻ󷽺ʲô󣬿һǶʯڵʯ飬ϿǶʽֵĵطҲʯƵģ·ǽȻΪһ壬ϸᷢš
򼧵ڴ𽥸ǡ
鿴һ£ûпʯĶֻһжɵİݴպÿ԰ָȥסš˫ֹסǸݴؽԱ
ߴߴߴʯͷĥž򵥵شˡ
һһǿɹһȥϸͨ
Ȼ֪·ͨܱȱá
ԭˣҳڵλð
޵ͷ˼̵ҡβ͡
㻹Ǹ
Ÿͷ޾ͻȻǸͨС
ιȵȰ
򼧸Ͻ׷ȥڵͨ
ͨխ࣬ᱡһͱŪˡ
·ƺﱻѿҲ˲ôࡣ
ҲᴩŮװ鷳
һСֹһ߸ǰСͷ
ӯ治ֻͬʯذУ˲ǰ򼧻ŷǰǰ
֪ΪΣ˫ɫ۾ȻںڰҫŽɫĹâ
ΪҴ·𣡡
㷢¡ֻСԴԽǽڣȴ߼·ͣͷΪڵ򼧸
˵ͨͨޡ
뵽ðĶˣʮؼǰ
ͨóʮֻ谵;Уͷüι֩滹žɳžɳ²֪ɳӻǳĶȸͣԽԽɥ
Ϊʲôҷǵ²ɣ
ҵ˶أôʱǰ޺Ȼڻʧˡ
ֹͣǰ
Ѿߵͷˡ
ǰֻ֣Ӳʯͷ
棿
ʹ򼧺޵֣ȴ޻ӦŴǽ˰ɣӦþͨյ㡣
ǽѰҰ֣ǽʲôûУֻƣû뵽ʯǽȻ򵥵ǰƶˡ򼧾ƴƣһ֮ڿ΢Ĺǰ
һ
Գȥˡ
ȥ֮󡭡Ĳԭڴĵط
ﰡ
򼧾ȵ
ǰһǰȥĳȣȴں￴Ĳͬƺĳڲȡ
򼧻ûдֻССĻѵĻ谵ȡ
ţղʧС˵ǰ



һ߸޺ǰһ߾úܲ˼顣
Լ֮ǰĵط̫
ûŵʯȷ·ûоͷƵǰ죬;ת˺ü䣬Żڻ￴ʯףµ߸ͣҪŪԼߵĸطˡ
òԶ߲ȥ˰ɡ򼧿ʼôʱ򡪡
ȵǰԾͻȻͣ½Ų
ȻʯȻûߵͷȻֻСƺǰͣĵطһݡ
ӡ
ϵĽݸ֮ǰĲͬǳԲ״Ǳֱ죬ǽûлѣĵֵ̣쳵̨̨Ϸͣҡҷ
ʲô𣿡
򼧵ͷѯǸССĴ·ߡ
Ǹղڽűߵ޾Ȼˡ
棿
򼧾ȵغȴһ䵭
ʲô



ŵûعͷȥ
巨ʿء¡
ӵһ˫ĮǳɫŲı顣
һΪû뵽Ƕļ̳ˡ˵һװҰ
򼧵ͷ쿴Լģ
ȷʵܲҡ򼧲ŸխͨԲֻŪҳҲΪѿеĵطƵˡ֮⣬ͷɢҲġ
˵ֻǴһԣ巨ϸ۾ߡ
Ǵģﲻ˿Խĵطҳȥ
仰вһŭ
Ϊ˭ұģǡ
ҿҪ˵ⲻҵĴЩҹֻ취·ȥͨˡҪĻȹܺЩҲŲ뱳ڹأ
򼧺Ȼ뵽һ¡
ˣ
Բǡ
ץסؿڵ·˹
׾ɣһ㳶ĻԣЩ˵ϣ¶ȵģ
ȴƺȫ򼧵ŭڳں̬ȡ
˵ʲô
װɵҲûã㲻ǹǰȶǵļ֪ܵĶԴ𡭡
ӸһʪࡢŪõ·
ղŲͬı鲢ҵЦˣȡЦ򼧡
ҵ⸱绹ͦʺ
ʲô
򼧵Ĳ״൱㡭Ȼ¶ľǶ⡣
ƲȻû
ԭСԸôӵˡ
ûٷŭ̧ͷ˵
ˡνҲνֻҺٶҲûá
Ȼ򼧽ǰĽݣһҪ⣬ʣ
¥ʲô
ʲôҲûС
仰̲סͶѰ𰸵۹⡣
ʲôҲûС
ܵġ
ȻֳһԿ϶ԤС
򼧷ֽݡҪ̤ȥʱ巨ʿؾ׼ʱƵ
õ֤ݡ
Ϊ˲򼧿Ϊֹǰųֵġ
뵽㣬вӿһɷġ
ԴִǾһֱˣתвֵĻ·Ҫˡ
Ǻãͼˡ
˵תȥ׼̤ҳԲȥĽݡ
ʱ򡭡
ֱ۱ס
ץס򼧵ֱ۽˻
ʲô
Ҫ巨ʿڰ˻Ƶؽ𲢿ڼϡ

۲ͼ

⵽ס
⵽ʲô˼Īӡ
ͻȻӱ鼱ֻ֮÷סļ򣬲漴ع
ιҷҿɲǻ
Ҷò񻰣Ҫٵɢҳˣֱ鷳
ΪѵҲŶ԰ɣ
򼧲ŭ
ûеõɾ봳˽ֹĵطȴΪԼд𣿡
ֱӱߡ
ֹ롭ôĳֶޣ
˹ʷ൱ƾõĹңȻһΪ֪ܡ
仰ɵüͷ
˵Ͳ𣿡
Ӳûлش⡣򼧱巨ʿ𡢼ڼϣֻüı޷֪ϵı顣
ֻǵ֪ʲôûҪ¶˹ǵܡ
ʱ뵽һ¡
ֻСﲢȥΪ򼧲ûߣԽԽȥ
ȥĳɡصؽ򼧴ֵطǴͨ·ֲѰľٶ֤򼧵Ĳ²⡣
Ǹڽ巨ʿسֵͬʱƵʧˡ
Ǹطһʲô
սȭͷȷԼԤС
ƺҲɢϢ
ȫԼֻǸƷ
仰޷޵ؽҧ촽ԲĿʣ
Ȼ˵ǡƷǸﲻϿٻʥأ
˲ܾûҪ˺ܿػش
Ϊҵʱס
ʲô˼
ʵ
һûзϣ¶ȡ
巨ʿ˻شʮ־ȡ
ʲô
ӶȻظ첻ѵ򼧡
ǡƷͬʱҲʣΪҳϣ¶ȣҵõ
򼧲üͷ
㻹ûİ
򼧻ΪȻӽɡƷѾϣ¶ȣˡ
Ȼϣ¶ȶ˵ǱҪģͬװƷһ᲻ϧһеصõ
ʹûзϣ¶ȣϾδ˺֮Ҳƻ֮Լ
޷ͻʣ
˼ǣҲسΪƷ𣿡
ҿԵҵϣ¶֮¡أҲܹԭļƻɱܵĳͷֻڵĵ֮ҵϣ¶ȡ
Ƿҵõϣ¶ȣȻˡ¡
ֻղŵ鲢ûת԰ء
ԣʲôѽ
еȷΪԼΪ±ɱʵںֵܲãǲô˵Ը⽫ԼҪýԶӵӡһԴﲻ֪Щʲôˡ
ô뵱ʥ𣿡
һʣӺԥػش
ǻ˵ǽ˹ҵĳԱ˵Ϊ˶޷Ը糾һĲֵ
Ϊ˶
ǡ
һʱ޷仰˼ӵļϳ˼һӡ
ȻͻȻһ¡
ˡѹҾʲô
ע⵽ˡ
˹ǵӦ˲Ŷԡ
Ȼ󣬾һҲûӵֻϢ
Ȼ˵ĸͬϾֵͬܣȴǵӰӶû
㹬ôҲοܵܵﶼѾӵ˵õܵܵʥ֮λǾȻûﳤʲôģʵں쳣
ӦöΪסŵ˹ļ̳ˣȴû巨ʿӡ
ĺ֡
Сʣ
ֵأ
ʣ
˵ֵȥˣһûǴк
ɲǼĬ
漴
ûҪ
Ϊʲô
ΪܺǴк
ʲô˼
Ѿˡ
ʲô
ɴض˵
ΪѾˡ
򼧲۾
ˣ
ʵţ򼧾ȵʧȥ
˹ǵӡˣ
˶ˡ
ҵֻʣһˣӽʥλҲֻҡ
ӵķһȻ
ôᡭ
ǲܵ¡
дϢǲû˵˵ʵˣ
ɡ
нӿֳһʡ
òӽɱİɡ
û취ͻ
ΪΪǰӷǳп¡
˹ǴֻҪܵõң͵˴½һ
ǰҲ˵
᲻ϧһеصõϣ¶ȡ
ֻҪΪ˵õʥĳƺšֻҪΪ˵õλʲôó
ʹҪȥֳҲɡ
ܺںؿɱμˡ
Ļ
룬˵ͨˡ
̤֮ܵĽšԼЭС
ڹĹ󳼵Ȼϡ١
˸еĪĹա



Լʡ
㡪
򼧴ѰǸĴ𰸡
ɱǵ𣿡
ôʡ
ǡ
֪ΪΣ޷ʳڡ
޷˵˸еȲĻ



6  ʵ

򼧱׽ˮһˮ
ʲô
򼧸飬ǽˮеȴ˫ֻز䵭˵
Ҫģڽ˹ǵĹǻ鷳ϿһƵĴһ£
󡭡ιһ˵㺦İɣ
жʲô𣿡
ķƿԡ
ȷ򼧻ñխͨǰӲûֱӵĹʵ
ӵһָһᱡ곤ŮԣǵķװͷӦŮ
ǡ
򼧣Ů´
΢һ£Ҫôۡ
Ůӵ󹧾صͷ
ҵϣ¶֮ǰҵɱֻҶĴ硣
巨ʿض仰֮󣬾ת׼Ҫȥ
ףιȵȣһûС
ղԼû⣬æҪסȴʧˣΪŮֽס
ιʲôҵĻû˵Ү
򼧱סʱʧˣֻòõһһԵŮԾò̬Ӧһŭ򼧡
ǽ巨µҲˡ
࡭Ϊ
֮ܶԡ֮ǰȽϵϴҪǼƾɵ·
ҴĿɲƾɵ·รΪովһխͨԲŻιʲôҪҵ·Ҳ׼ҵ·
Ů뽫򼧵·ѵæֿ
ã֪֪Լѡ֮ǵ˼Ҫȥϴ԰ɣ֪һԹȥϴҲܰѹŪ࣬ĲôǲùңԼ
ŮԸ£򼧼־ֻܾε˸׼ȥ˵ǻĸҵȺʱǲ



˹ǵĺԡΪ
õԡҡ
һɴʯͻƽƳɡûαĳΣӦǹԡõġ
һ˵ӦҪ̵ŮΪˢϴ壬ϰ˾Լϴ
÷ԡ弰ͷƵͰӡҨװԡһˮˮŽˮͷϳȵϵ۲ϴ֮󡭡
̤ĵطɢ˻㣬ȽȽĿʯԡ
ԡһʯԡأСˮز࣬򼧾һʹʵںܿϧˮһԵĶʯк£治֪ʯڲʲôأԡеˮϻƮɫ䡣˾ȵﲻֹԡﵽʹ˻ƽװΣԡػǽϣһ׺ŷĵŵĻƽϸơ
ϸһԡرԵͰҲԽƳɵġ
ҾȻԣֵز
ҲֻĿɿڴķݡ⿴ӷʹõķ丽СԡҾѾʮ죺ô˺ԡңû뵽طȻиɵԡ
˹ǹһﶼξһݳֻ򼧲еһѣ
ͬĺҲδ̫˰ɡ
ҪǸӵĸٺһ㡭߸˵ٽӽͨһ㣬ӦþͲᷴϣ¶ȼˡ
˭ӾˡţƲֵػŶȴĵĻ
ٶԼղ巨ʿصĶԻֱˡ
˹ҵÿԱڳˣǲֻʥޡ١в˼
ˣ˹ǲƳʷУͳ½һ
ȻӾȻô׵رɱ
ӵоӵелλҲš
˵˹ҳԱǿԵ̶ȳȡ
ֻҪԸԽ飬ʹӵеԽǿ
˵ûзõϣ¶ȡ
ϣ¶ȱҵֻʱϵ⡭
룬ҵòҵõֻ֮ζԴϣ¶أԭǲıΪ˵ϣ¶Ȼᱻ
뵽ɵô˦ͷ
УҹȻ޷ϣ¶ȽǸӵӡ
ô룬ֻҪڽ˹ǣ޷Ϊκ¡
ڵ򼧾ͬеߡ
Լıκ£ɻں޵ӿŭ
ʹ巨ʿҵϣ¶ȡһҪܡ
ȻԼķʽҪԣһҪԷԼ
ҪҲ޷ΪػԼҪ
˼֮ʱ
ۡ
ͻȻһ
ۡ
ͷһĿǰ֮ȫһӦԼˣ̧ͷȷʱȴۡȵȡһŶԡء޴ͨԡˮ߸ߵؽ
۰ס
򼧲УҽԡصıԵš
ȺṲ̊ԡҡ
ô𣿹£
򼧻ŵҡͷϣ
ûû£ʲô¶ûУǸֻΪһοôԡúϡ棬̫˷ˣǱ⡣
ôܡŮ˵߳ԡңƺ򼧵Ļ
Ů뿪ղŶһ߽ˮһߴˮ
ˡ
ŵҰɣȻ˴컨
һˣһ߽ȫˮֻʣͷ¶ˮϡԲ𡢶Բ𡣡ǰɦͷǸֻǷĸе˼
һֻץ򼧺Ķ
һԲεǳɫë򵹵ڰС
ɫͷԼɫ˫òͬӡ̵
Ҳвٿԡ
ǲҪȥ
ǣҪúõǸ
Ūڵ״ҿɲЩԱ߹ȥװƷҮ
򼧴Ϊʵһ˿ҡ
Ǹûע⵽
һץֱߵĽͰӣ˹ȥ
ͰҵĿ֮ǰӰһͻȻԡʧˡ
ֻгصͰˮ



ƣ۵ò׻ص䡣
ѽ£ôŻҺܵءȥʲô£
㰲ĵӭ򼧽뷿䡣
ϸֳȵı顣
£·ǡ
ȿ򼧵ķװϴĲͬе졣
򼧵ı˵
ȥϴˡ
ʲô
ȥ˹Ժԡϴˡรþһ
̫ˡ

ƣ롭
ҿˡ
򼧻شʱϵı·۵˾ҪڻȲΪʲô㲳ɻͷٶȸ˵ôˣΪʲô۳أı顣
ˣù𡭡ò͵֪ͨΪ»ûҾǻȥˡ
Թ𣿡
һʣ¶Ů¶ôܡı鲢ҡͷ
ôԶ¹Լòء
ҪȳԾͺˣûʳ
ô˵ɵûŵʣ
ѽǲǲأϰ״ҲΪѡһЩ̫ţĳŻֲʡ
Ҳ
֮
ȼæǣ򼧵֡첽ڲȥӲǽ򼧷ϴ̣򼧵Ķͷ²ѯʣ
ûзաĶأʹ𣿡
ȫᡣ
ұûиð
øϿͣΪ̫˵״ԸпڵĻᡣ
һۻƣͣ΢Ϣһ¾ͻϻָġ
Ƚޱ򼧵ߣںСһؿڡ
ȥ׼ҹϢɡ
ϣȴæ߳䡣
̫δ£Ȼ͸ʵ⡣ʱô磬ô˯ء
漴
ĺܱǸ
ۡ
򼧵ĴϳһӰ
㣡
ǰԡ컨꣬ŵò´
ҲԼ˲¡
ǾеԾҲܲ֮ȥȥ
򼧲Աشŭ⡣Ǹһ˵һ߹ԹԵ´
šϲҮ
껹ӣһԲεëץëβͽݵǰ
˵ȫҵĻֻҪһע⣬ͻﵽҲԽôźãĺܱǸ
еม
򼧿ʼٶҲЩ
Ȼ˵򼧵ʱˮһˣӦҪƢģȴνˡ
ˡ
ε˵
˵ʲôˣ
ʲô˼
㲻ǽڡִ컨Ӧòͨɡ
һ˵һעǰģ
˫ɫƺڳ˵ĸо
˵ʲ̫ɿôƮĸоΨ۾ɫȴɢһС
˵Լ࣬ҿҲš
кȻͷ
ţ½Ŷͣëڻش
ӦǸչ˰ɡ
˵꿴һۻеԲޡ
չˡ
ؿޣȻָָֻСʣ
ʲô
ȻӦáҲǡʥްɣ
֧֧ػشƺԼ˵ĻûʲôģԽ˵ԽС
ʥ
ʥޡ
򼧲Ϊ޴ĳ´
ʥޣ˵ʥָǸʥ𣿾Ǿ˵Ժ½ġ˵еʥ𣡣
ţѽ
Ҫشôɺ𣡣
ٴν껳ë
ǣôֻֻȽĶˣ䴫˵ӵǿ
ʥ𡭡
ֻһССǳɫԴյشһǷﾹȻǡ
ƭˡһƭˣֻֻﲻʥӦҪһ㡢ģˡҾϺʥвŶ԰
˵ʥҲкֵܶ
ʥкܶ𣿡
šҲгúܴ󡢼ֲֿҴʥе࣬Ҳֿܲ۵ġ
ֱŵɫë򿴣·ǰǸɵļһ
ȻСҲʥޣҲеôޣ
򼧵ɻͷ
Ү
²ؼ̬ȿʼ˼
Ȼĵؼʣ
᲻ʲôΪ֪أ
Ϊʥ𣿲ûɡӦ˵ҪûвԽأϣаȻ
Ҫûκ򼧾̫ɱˡ㲻ΪΪٻСʥ޵ġƷɱҪҲδ⡭̫ˡ
ֽ׶λڻᱻɱѾ¶ģñץҲҪܡ
ֻҪ뵽״Ͳòȥϣʥӵ
ıʮࡣ
뵽ˡ
ԳƸչʥ޵ش

һʵ
ʱıò
ѵñȽ˧𣿡
ǵġµĶͻΪѹݣȻһֱë
ûá
ĺޡ
ô˵ȷʵ˵Ѿӵֻʥޡ
òᡭеһֻɡôǡ١ʧܵĳɹ
ģһǳɫëʥɵ򼧵ϥϣͷԼ֫ʼԼë
ĺϲҮ

ءƺ뷨
ĵѯʣ
Ϊʲôأ
ţΪϲ͡
ϲͣ
ǳม
˵꣬ϱųЦݡ
ıԺкȻһͷ׻Ļ԰ܾú￴ֱ顣
šأֲ̫ĸоԼ˵¾ͻẬʣȷʵ
򼧵һָ
ûһ񣡣
ȫδ֡
ʱһ¡
ˡ
ꡣ
һ֪֡
Ҳ¶·ողŷµı顣
΢ЦŻش
ҵֽŷ
ŷ
򼧾Լ֡
ġ
һ縡ֳ޷ͻСʣͷϾͱһɢˡ
Ǹղ뿪Ų͵ˣ
£ҹˣҪһò͵Ļ
ȵȣ
ȵɼˣ·Եؽץס½
ף
ȫɻԼٽ쵷סšħͬʱƽԼıȻѸޱס꣬Ĵޱޱ濴ƽЩ
š
ҪҶҪǱô죿ҵŮµģұã
˵ޱԹֹͣ
ͶԻɵߡ
£ôˣ
һʣ漴ҡҡͷ
ûаʲôҲûСˣҾúÿรҵˮ𣿱ҹڱȽˮ
Ȼû⡣
ǿȥ𣿡
򼧺ܽϿ֧ٽŮҵһȥ
Ⱥע⵽ﲻԾ
£Ȼԡǲޱʲôأ
ûûУҲûвضģʲôҲûУ
ԽżȵıԽɡ
ˡ
ȹȻûа׵򼧵Ů
𣿣
͵͵Ůı飬亹ֱ
ȽеӷϣȻ첽򼧡Ҫƿޱ򼧻ŵѹסޱ
Уޱ
£ʲô
˵ʲôû
򼧸ѻ˵ꡣ
ΪѾץסޱβˣޱ
ˡ
ŵᶳһ㽩Ӳȴʧ˵
ѽʲôû
ף
æƿޱȥ
˵ʲôûС
ͻȻʧˡ
㶵Լ֡
ҵȷֻץס
ץס½󣬻ƽޱ
ȿĿɿڴģҲ¶˼ı顣
֣ôáޱĳ
ƺ޷ⷢʲô¡



7  ˹ǵ

ϣ¶ȵ¡ϣ¶ȹ¡
ں֡
òײŽػΧȷûڼӡȷֻԼһ֮εеȻ̾һͥ԰ֲïʢĵطҲûעĶ
ֻҪӦʱᱻҵɡ
巨ӵɳ򼧵鷳
ΪǼƽҲû壬˽ϱŻû֮ǰ䡣ϵԼĿǰĴеʮɥ
ҵΪʲôԶ˹ǵѽ
ֲ͹׽ԲػǶèè֮ġ򼧷رͷૡ
Ү
ͻչ䱸
ԺԤ׵سһꡪŷúȻ·˵һʼʹޡ
ֳˣ
򼧾ȵòȻȴȻԵõı顣
ôҡ
ʲôˣʲô֮ǰһֱǰȥһӳ֡һʧҲǣͻȻðȴֲһʧˡ
ΪҪֵط˷֣ͻᱻɿɷ𣿡
һֱܿɡ
ʵȴΪŷûþȣȻԽܣܾԼˣת
ע⵽һ¡
Ǹֵûиһ𰡣
ֵ档
Ŷֻʥôû֣
ţԲû
һʲô𣿡
򼧲ɻŷע⵽Ķµؽࡣ
ܲϲǸ
Ǹָʲô
һﻹһ˵ЩͷĻ
ڴʱ
ͻȻĳ¡¡졣򼧴ûӵص״ܿĹ
һæڳ̬
աղʲô죿
ŷͷش
ǺǸ﷢
ղǲ죬Ľ𣿡
š
ǣô﷢ġ
˵򼧺Ȼһ⡣
òҪ˵Ҳʥ޷ɣ
ֻ𰸣Ӧ˵Ҳֻôƶ
Ϊܹ־˵ġ
ŷȴԲ̫̬Ȼش
֪ΪûֱӿҲܿ϶ž˵ɡ
ûп㲻Ǹչʥ𣿡
Գչʥ޵ˣȴ˵Լûһôģһɵ
ŷεɦͷ
Ϊֻչ棬Բá
ֻչһֻôʥأ˵巨Ѿõüֻʥ˰
ʲô巨ӣǵģ治ʥม
ŷæҡַϣΪķԶе졣
ʲôΪ˵ʥޣҲžһǡ
ŲȥٻʥޣǸ½ʵԵߣ¡ĺܸߡ
ŷš
ĻĪذĲ١
ǾͺáȻˣġƷӦҲٻȽʥޡ
򼧿ǳɫë֮󲻽еܱۣ룬ԼĵΪٻģɰȴûôʥ޶𣿲ʵԤ룬ֻҲúöˡ
Ȼŷ򼧵Ļ֮ȴԸе˼ı鶢
㲻𣿡
ʲô
巨Ӷǵ̬ȲͬӦȫûа㵱ɣ
仰򼧲üͷ
Ϊʲô֪£
ŷʱ;ܿɣڸΪܵģΪȻܹû뵽ʽһĿǰĴ
ٶ̽Եŷ
ŷʲôƵ¶ǳǳЦ
Ϊҿรö̽סӵһĻļ̳¸ҡ
仰򼧵һ
֪Ҳϣ¶ȣ
š
ŷͷӦӸϸϸעǰɫ۾üŻԼý˹ǵ顣
죬һڵȺǵõʹߴ֮½빬ڣűһխĴ￴վһԵǡ
ǣ겢ûгļС
ңôĿļһǾԲǵġ
ʱַһ£Խʧµϸ
˵Լչʥޣȴһ㶼
ŷƲ̫ɿȴɢܹýºʣָоĺǰδ
ٿϴķװҲڹ̷·ȻʵȴλߴķΡ
Ҫȷϣѯ
Ӧòڳɣҿû㡣
ǸʱΪµԼȡĳжž©һ˿̤Ǽ
ȫûиҲ͸ɴܵһпúȷŷʱԲڳ
ŷƽ͡ػش
ΪҲûǼ䷿пรĺһŮӾȻ¡һǵһο
Ǵ̾
ҾúÿϧรҪʵ˸еס巨ȷʵʹˣȴļֵڡ
ҵļֵ
¶ı飬ŷе˼
һﵽ˵ʲô
򼧲ɵǰ
̫ϧˡԵĻΪʲôƾڵʵΪ
ĵ׸еźƵصš
˼Ҫ𣿡
šǺܱǸû취㡣
ͺá
ŷ˵̬ȷǳ棬򼧲ɻ
û뵽ڽ˹ǾȻ˶ô˵
Ȼ򼧲֪֣ô붼ƺͨ࣬겻ǻˡ
Ըе֣һǱɡ
ôġ
͹ˣ⡣
򼧶ŷ˵ȴͷɻؿ򼧡
üǿͨŮһܺ¡
򼧲֪λػ
ǵģûйϵͷһ£Ҳ̫˵ʵһ㶼ûмҪʵУҲ²ΪǿﻹǶپе㲻
ֻΪ֮󣬾ͱŪͷתûʱԼ˼ҲûϾȥ˼ԼδԵ°ˡ
е㲻˼˵ţ
ԵĻϣøɾ䡢Ҫеʹࡣ֪ʵΣ
򼧿ŷʵ
˽ʥޡร֪֪Ҫ׸ʥ޵ġƷʲôأٻʥ޵ʱʲôо
ףһʣƿߡ򼧿ŷӣֱΪԼҪˡϣŷת֮ڳһ֪ģ򼧼״㽫˫ְϣӲǽͷת
֪ңһϣ׼
ҡʵ޷
Ȼʹޣǻжʹأ

㲻֪𣿡

ǿӲʣŷ¶ĺŵı飬ֻķӦ޴ӵ֪֪ȴ˵ڡǲ֪𰸲޷ش
ʱһŮ˵ĶԻ
ϣ¶ȵ£ҵˣ
һ仰ȫӲԼ֮Զͥ԰һɶ
ˡ
̫רעڸղŵĻ⣬Сͬһط̫ˣŻиʱصĵط
¶ְ״̬ıɥصͷ룬֪ιҪʲô
Ȼ
ҵ򼧵ŮȴҲᶳؽסˡ

ôˣ
ע⵽Ůеľٶ̧ͷŮ߲ǿԼԱߵˡ
ŷҲ̫ԾάűץסҲԵ¶ı顣
ŮɫԽԽ԰ס
ŷ˾¡
Ů³ɳƵ
ô
㡢㻹ðɣ
򼧵ȥŮŷȴŵץס
ȵȣ
ʲô
ֻʱʧȥʶµģĹѾˣЩŲ
ע⵽žžյӯŲӽ
ǡ
ŷٶһ򼧵˵
ᱻֵġ
򼧱ŷץŲţԴҲһƬҡ
ǡˣ
աղǲ˵ʲô
ǰ¶翴һĲ԰ױ飬˵ˡ
ŷŷŷ˾
£
뵽ﲻɵ۾
ŷ˾Ҿ;֣
֪֡Ӧ˵֪ܲ
ǽ˹һλӵ֡
˹ҵĵڶӾͽŷ˾
ǽ巨ʿصĵڶλ֡
㡢㡭ǡǸŷ˾𣡣
䲻巨ʿ½Ǽ
Ϊ˹ӵֱκﶼ
ûϻش򼧵⡣
ʱǰľȻŤҪһоеС
ҲΪǰδежѣѡ
һ˲䣬һղڵͥ԰ȫͬĿռ䡣



ף
һʱ֮޷ⷢʲô¡
æܡ
ĳղվĵط
ͥ԰УȴֲǰԸҲûпոǰµŮ
ʱ̧ͷŴǰĽ
ŸȺĽҲｨе֮һ
򼧴δ
ͨ򼧻ûӦ˹ǵ˵صⶰԶ빬Ľ
ˣⶰھǰ
ǡ
ԭץ֣֪ʱѻָɡ
ŵػͷֻŷڵϡ˫ְסͷﻹţʹ
ż
ôˣɫ̫á
ŷòײҡҡλεվȻ˻֡
ûû¡⻹ҵһƶԼˣе۰ˡ
˵ƶ
ˡ
˵˹ǵǣÿӵ
ôͷˣЩ¡
ҾͶˡ
֮ԻᴩԽǽʧʱҲʱһͻȻȫԤǳ
ҵӣôһ˵ͨˣΪӵеֻǲʥޡ
Ҫȷ֣ǳѯʣ
ǡŷ˾𣿡
仰֮ٶ¶ı顣
Ǹô˵ء
ֿʼƮS˼ķ򼧿ɲٴۡ
֮ܶŷ˾԰ɣ
Բɷ˵ǿӲ˽ۣҲֻ÷ƵعԹԵͷ
ǵġ
̾һ
ԭһǽ˹ǵӰ
֮⡣ʵʼ˭Ϊǽ˹ǵأϾ˹ҵĳԱ˾¶
ǰλƺΪѵ꣬ȴһ㶼ֿµˡ
򼧴Ҳܲƣô붼Լĵܵܡ⻰
ͻȻһ⡣
һ¡ŷ˾Ļ
巨ʿؽĻ򼧵ԺС
Ȼѿڶ
㲻𡭡
˼
򼧿ֹ̬ȣĪһ˿
˵ǽ巨ʿ˵𡭡
ŷʵϾվǰȵȵȣ򼧻ǰ龰
Ǹһʱ򡭡Ӧֱ񿴵һ
ɫԵײ飬ΪŹȶ赹
˵˹ǵӲͨˣܹͻȻǽܳ𣿲ԣǵȷЩ˲ͬҲûпܡ
Ȼ򼧿ǰƺŵֱð亹ĵڶӣȴȫˡ
ɫҲо鿴ô˰ɡ
Ҫȷϣִץס塣
漴ŵõһ
Ϊִ͸ӵ壬ʲôҲû



8  ⵽Ҵļ

ĿɿڴؿԼ֡
Ϊ̫ܵĴʱԭء
ɡ
򼧱һ亹
Ѿ𣿿ǲ԰
ֱղţȷץ򼧵֣֮ǰδǾԲǴҲᡣ
⡢ôһ£
ѹסǿҵĶҡʵŷϵӱƵؽ䯺ϲ˵
ƶõ̫ˡ
˵ʲô
ֻҪĵһЩͻ޷ʵ塣
򼧸˵ʲô
ֻٶȷһǵŪɵ¡
һΣǲˣ
ǰɡ
ʹѾףŷĻشֹס
巨ʿزûѡ
һǰ
˵Լ࣬һҲţǡ
ȫûϵѾˡ
Ӧ˵ģӦø԰סҺܿ²Ŷ𣿣
Ϊһγȷϣ
˼ǡѾǻޣ
ͬ㿴һڣҲôͰɡ
ķӦʵ̫գ򼧲еԽԽ
˾ˣеӺ˻𣡡
룬ŵͲˡ
ںα˵ЩҴһʼûһβŵ
̾һٶ̧ͷǰꡣ
ڣڽһֱ൱ɻ˵˳ڣ
ôΪʲôأǱɱ𣿡
Ӧɡ
ɱˣǲĵܵܽ巨ʿأ
šͽӦǰɡֵߵˣˡ
ŷȻشôˬ죬ľȵס˺
Įı顣
Ȼ
ȻɱԼĸ硣
봫һᣬΪ˴ﵽĿϧɱԼֳ
ȫ£ɻǰķӦ
֮ԻΪ׵ܵܶ¶ֶ԰ɣΪô侲أ
ŷȲԹޡҲŭһƽ͵ģʮȻվǰ˾ǰһˡ
ܵܶ£㶼𣿡
ΪҶԼûִŵɡ
˵仰ʱҲһ̫ƽĿǡ
ִš
Ҿ͸һҲֻСŶĸѡ
ķ˵Ҳʵ̫˾ˣԽԽ˵
ŷԼ⵽ɱʱɣһȻǰ¶ƺѾı顣
Ҳ޿κεġ
޿κΣʲô޿κΣ
ҿ˽ϣ飬ҿжɡ
һòᡭԽɡ
򼧲ͼɱ׸Ľ巨ʿص뷨Ϊŷ˾ɱȻ˵ֻ򼧸޷̬
ҵȻҲԸΪϣ¶ǡ
ܾãȫͬ⡣
ʹ
òᡭǳϲ巨ʿذɣšȻּһ㻹ǾʵǸɰĵܵܣ
ŷһ¶ĵ׸еı顣
ʲôôܣңҲûɵǼһܿɰ
ѽҲǡǸ汧ǸǸô˵ءȻԭɱˣҾǶĳ̶ֳȵĸ飬ǲܰ쵽İɡ
ҿû˵ԭ
ȻǾúޣ
ףҲ
治ɴ࣡
̲סͷȥ
ֻ֮ǶپҲô
̾һ˵
ΪһҲûҪʥλøҲá
ô˵ʮ죬ΪΪʥȨ͵λļ̳Ȩ
ʵڲ˹ǵӻ˵Ļ
һǸ
ԽԽ
Ȼе֣Ǹˣ˹ǵ̫ϧˡ
뵽мӱӿһɶԽ巨ʿصŭ⡣
ǼһΪʲôҪɱôأ
ôõλȴȻµɱֺ޵ֿġҲ˺˵ˣǶݡ
ҵһôˡ
һ˼һ̧ͷ
ʱŷı鼱ظı䡣
Ʈ·ע⵽ʲôŵס򼧵֡
ף
ǰ޷ѾָΪʵ塣򼧱ͻľٶһȴԼв˫ӵס뱣ĳֶΣ
ôˡ
㾪һ¡
һû¡
ôʱ򡭡
ǰľٶȱб
о֮ǰһ򼧲ɵñ˫ۡ
ȵǿҵѣڴ򼧵Զȥٴ۾֮ʱ
һͬĵط
վһʯϡ
ΪĻ谵ǰȥûоͷ
ǡ
򼧰۾ִԲ
ֻʥ֮ǰĵط
æŷֻһƣ롣
šҵȻҪһƶĺۡ
˵ʲô
ŷ˼ǳѯʣȴͬʱŵڲ
Ϊǰվһ֮
ȫûзŲôڻѹâҫ£Ĭسڻ谵ȡ
ɫ˫һ˿У·ڸĶѴʧ
ãȻصţ
㡭
˹ǵĵӣҲǽ巨ʿرվǰ



Ϊʲôᡭ
һ˭ڰЩ£Щ󱲻˲𰡡
仰ٴεȼǰŭ
ҿû˽г󱲡
ıŽ˹ӡ
㲻Ƕ׸¶𣿡
Ȼǰ¶΢Ц
Σ
ʲôΪʲôó£ʵڲ⣬һвˡ
ŷʾͬλ̳ȨʥʸøܵҲãҪɱĸŶԡ
򼧷ֺ󲻽
Ϊ̫ˡ
仰ǰ۾ûп˵
㲻ϧ˲п£ΪõλҲõʥĳƺ𣿲ַʽõĳƺţΪ𣿡
ʹԸôӣҲΪλӵзǳߵġ
ȻȴϧɱֳҲҪڲ֮𣡣ӦҪѡսʽŶԣõȴû
˵ԣյķô
ǣ˹ǹλһҲġ
˹ǵλ֮Իɵõʥʸ֮˼̳еɡΪչֳǿˣŻᱻѡΪʥȴ潻棬ѡֱǰϰŪԼ֡
ʹˣȻõʥĳƺţΪٶϰֻҪûеõʥĳƺһ޷̳λԹĹ
ΪҲ̫򼧽ס˫ȭ
һʼҾΪԲֵˡ
µˡ
һֱý巨Ӧ赲ȥ·һӭʹȫܶԷˡôҲᣬûôɡ
ʵȴӵС
巨ʿؿ˲е
ԭ𣿡
˵仰
˵ʲô
üͷ巨ʿصȴƿԱԼɱĸͶ䵭
ˣЩСֶεĵ˭㶼˻ӽŮˣʲô壿㵽ʲôͼ
ڴ˳룺
һ£µô̬˵
巨ʿؿһŷ׵ӣ¶൱õı顣
Ѿɹ£ȰǼһһȽϺá
ס
ͣ¶巨ʿֲһ䣺
Ǽһֵиӵġ
ʲô
ıԱһ㣬㱻ƭˡ
򼧲е˼¶ɵı顣
˵ұƭˡ
ŷ˾Ҫа취˵Ļ˵˵
ŷȴֳ޲ߵķձ顣
ôˣŷ
򼧺ŷ̾һش
Ҳϡ
Ļش˫ۡ
ô£
һʣŷ㿴Լ鿴ƺܱˡ
ΪʵҲϣ˵һ㶼ûĹ˹ǵӶʲôö
˵ѡ
û˵ѡ
Ҷٻп˵۹ⰡȷһֵļһҲк֮ܶ㿴ˣο㲢ûҸе죬Բǻˡ
ŷ򼧵Ļ֮Ц˳
лл㣬Һܸô˵Ϊ֪ԭҲŻô롣
ԭ㣿
ڿңǡŷ˾
˵ٴȻ
ŷ˾ʲô˼
Ҳ˵ʲô
˵ıЩˡ
Сʱ򣬸׾Ԥҽܻ̳λΪҵıԱֵʺϵ˹ǹ˹ǵĹҪǡࡻֻҪӵܳΪҵͳߣң˹Աĳ̶ȳȣҲ˵ԸԽᣬӵеҲԽǿ󡣡
򼧲ü
ǡĸԡɣ
򼧲ΪŷƭԼԣǲôΪ
ʱŷڶ˵
Ҹղ˵ˣϸ˵Ҳŷ˾ΪǱ˸񡣡
˸񣿣
򼧲Ϣǰ꣬ŷߣű˵Цˡ
ҵĸײӵ֮ͬʮϡе֮ˣͬʱԼҲʹĳ̶ֳȵһλرŮԣ˸ײŻڵһμĸ֮󣬾;ΪԼ
ŷͻȻ
ǣĸ׷ǳסԵ򵽶ӵıʱɱԼĺӡ
̫ˡ൱Ծૡ
ĸûô

ĸע⵽Լµĺɷƣڶԭ˸֮ϸһģ˸Ǿ˵ʵ֡
ģ˸񡭡
ֻҪһлᣬŷ˾ʱѳҾһѹԿס
ŷһ˵һѹ򼧡
ȻѾδһᱻȡľ򡭡Ҳϣ˴̫鷳ûжԼеں޻ߡȷɱһֵø˵£֮ǰ˵һҾòҪôǣ˵Ϊܱɱһôһͻᱻסˡ
ͷʼ˼ŷ˵̫ĵˣһֱʥԼȫ޹صƽ˺Ѷ˵ĻʵС
򼧾Լƺܹ˽ŷ顣
Ҫĳɡ
ŷӦúһҪĳЩĳЩһԼıԾѱ⵽ƻǶ˵Ҫ𣿻ĸĵԸΪЩȫͬأ򼧲֪ȷ𰸣ŷĳԼơ
ΪԼҪҲԸܡ
̧ͷŷ
ǣϣ㲻ҪҶ˵ĻɻԡȻŷ˾ڱȫͬŷֽĻǳġ
ɫγ·Ҳ˵ԾĲûӿκζĻɻӶ
Ҫม
ס
򼧵˸ͷ
ģҲԼһʼͱƭ
ŷ仰¶ĵ΢Ц
תԼĵܵܡ
巨֪㻹ûңҲ֪ҵֹͣĴĲ谭㡣
巨ʿز֪Ϊβһ
ֻǾĬضԼֳ
ԣܹ㲻ҪΪĵɶɱ𣿾㲻ôҲҵóϣ¶ȹ
ʱܵڳŷĻ
ĻʵȲŷ˾ֻһŮĻӰˡּһ˵Ļмʵ

ܶ˭˵ŷ˾ǸΣ˲˵ʲô޷Ϊ֤
仰ʣ
ĲءŷΪʲôǵҪ˵أȻ˵ǸΣΪλԹԱɱΣյɡ
巨ʿȴǳǳЦ˳
֪ǺܿɰҲ
һ߿򼧣һ˵
ô֪ĻҾ͸㡣ˡϣ֪ࡣ
֣ĳԼĸ硣
һ˲žһ׵Ĺâŷȫ
ŷ漴¶ʹıڵϡ
һϸâŷܣ帲Щâסŷȫʹãֻʹ֮ܵرͷ
򼧾ȵҪ嵽ߣȻ

Ȼһξ룬ȴȻܵʹľҳԼ˰ԸСʹ޷ǰҲŸֹһС
ס֡Ҫʲô
һѾˡ
ô˵ôĸɣ
ּһŲҸ硣
ŷ仰ʹͷ
ʲôףҪΪʥҪĲϣ¶ȹҵĻͲѡãһϣõҪĶòҪѡ񡣡
ܵƺ˸Ҹ˼ЦԶԡ
ֻǷϻƪˣ֮˶޷ӦõܶЩʲôҴӺܾǰֻиܵϣ¶ȵĴڣû˺һӵôǿ֮ˡ
巨ʿνĿת򼧡
֮£Ů˵֮СûȡļֵӦʥ޶ٻɡмֵˣ
ȷԸ֮ܵˣԲҳĵڶȷϱ޷֪˵Ĵڣû취һ򵥵ҵܿĶ

ǳ
ŷ
ǰҲ˵仰
Ȼ巨ʿȴԴ֮Աǡ
͸վǱ롣
巨ʿٶȾ֣·뽫һ˶ϡ
ֳ˴ŵĹâԶǰųģֻվɶ۶ɵԱߣܹоһȶȡ
âķΧԽԽ޷ƿ
ʧɣ顣
ʩųȥŷ֮ǰ
žߴиƺ޴졣
ԡǵģǱǱסˡ
ŷ˾֪ʱѾԵֵǰ
ǸסȫͬһĹâӦܵĥȻȴȫ⣬ֻǿԼơ
ɫͷڹâųĳ֮²ͣҡ
ŷոս巨ʿʩųĹâƳнŷɢа
Ϣעǰı仯
ǡ
ɫ˫ش򼧡
˫۾ʶŷ
ǡ
򼧱ܵˡ
Ϊһ˲ˡ
Դӳʱ𣬾һֱйĸоУĿǰı仯֮󣬲һС
˫޵ɫгħԣʹͨࡣ
֮ǰ쳣ĸо¶ĸأɱʵɴҿ˲䡪
򼧱һսĿ־С
巨ʿؾ˲ô
һɲϢ
ŷ˾ıʡ
ʱǰյЦš
Цʹǿҵظܵ巨ʿ֮ѪԵϵ
Բڡơ 
ΨһȷģԼܵϢࡣ
ãȻעǰŵ
һŷ˸Ϊ˽סŵģҡ
Ϊ־塭巨ʿزŻᡭΪ˷ס
ɱԼ׸
ǲΪ֪һһ˸Ѳ֧˵ڶӵһУŷ˾ΪΣյĵأ
巨ʿطų壬¶Եŷ˾вᲢСõŪ
ļϸ֩ڻ谵ĿռչҫһƬ
˫ɫ۾ת
ʥ
ŷ˾˵ˡ
Ϥģֺȫİ
ת巨ʿء
㲻ŮļֵҪõߵޣص㲢֮˵ǿǷ޵ζ
гĹס򼧲һΣյԤС
򼧵д
ӣ
̫ΣˣϿ뿪
һ˾ȴͻȻˡ
ŷ˾˹˵
ӵе֮Զеļ£ʮζ
һ˲䣬ս֣뽫顣
ʲô
򼧲ɵñ˫ۡ
ŷ˾ıۺ˹֮Уָ䳯Χ̶ȥ
ʱ˴򼧱ס֡
򼧵ܵǣƵ΢΢
عŷԼ巨ʿرڻ
ϻֳһ㡢ʮ顣
㿴ϸˣǾŷ˾
仰ڸ࣬Ҳ̼ˡ
ǹ̼ŷ˾ӡס˸񣬶ôȫΪ֪ʵ
Ĺâ·Ҫ򼧵˼վʹڽ巨ʿصĻֻܵԼʶԶȥ



9  ʽǰ

ͷʹ
򼧾Լͷʹ
ѹ¡
ԭѹĿһӱᣬмߵʶҲػָˡ
ء
̲סѹŶͷȵعһ
ǰľﲻ֪ʱָıˡ
ע⵽ԼѾվһղŵʯȲͬĵط
ʶԭһƬʣȫѹˡ
æ̧ͷȷ˭ץԼֱۡ
巨ʿء
ʶûӦֻץ򼧵֣ھس˼

巨ʿشʹĳЩܸĹ󣬾ƶطˡϣ¶䵽ķܰڷŸ߼ļҾԼװƷǵӵ˽˷ɡ
ֵڳ˵ļһ
һô룬һüǱ巨ʿؾˣǱǿƴŷ˾ء
˿̣򼧻ŷ˾ģ󿴵ǸӰԾӡ۵ס
Ǿǡŷ˾
ٶȻȻֹסĲ
ʶŷ̫ˡ
Լȷ֪ǡ
һ¡Ϊŷ򼧵ת˸ܹס
Ǹ˲ŷ
ȫͬĴڣͷһֲ֪Ϻ¡
ΪһƬңҲ޷Լ˼
֪ôźá
÷˰ɡ
˵ͬʱ˦˽巨ʿص֡
ڿ򼧡
˽뽲ˡĸ硭ȷͨˣʹˣҲ޷ͬ˶ɱֳ
Լ˵Ļ֮򼧱תӡ
Ҫطˡ
ƣ۵Ŀ
ǣ巨ʿشʱ֪Ϊεһָ漴һȺӵڻӦƵץס򼧵ֱۡ
ף
ͻľٶ򼧴һ
ιʲô˼
Ҳ׼ط䡣
ʲô
Ҹղžˡ
ʲô
Ҫʥޡ١
ͻķɵۣˡ
ʱڵˡ
򼧼ҪľٶȻصС
λҪƷʥޡ١Ҫķʽ
ǣѰϣ¶ҲʾԼΪ˶򼧵ʡ
򼧶Խ巨ʿͶɻߣֱֱע򼧵۾
ԿǷҳΪʥ
һʱ֮仹޷仰˼
ʥ
Ҫý巨ʿسΪʥ˼ѵǡ
򼧺òȷ仰𾪵ò֪˵ʲô
æʵ
㲻Ƿϣ¶Ȳ𣿡
һһεؽ仰ϣΪʲô˵ֻأʵڲס
巨ʿصиһâ·Ҫӵеĳ
ûŷ˾˵滰Ǿˡ
˵㲻ŷĻ
Ǹٵ˽ĻҵȻšǳŷ˾֮ڣ嵱Ȼͬ
򼧲ס
ŷ˾ˡ
巨ʿز¶Ц
Ҫɲóϣ¶ȻΪ򲹣΢һҲ
ô˵˵
ЦˣΪһֲ𣿡
򼧵Ҫɵͬ
һﵽװ˵ʲô˰
ӵеԳٻǿʥޣôԡƷȥԵĻǺ򼧵ʱֻᱻϡƷ޷ɡá١ʧܵ󻹻Ầϣ¶ȱץ
ҲܽĽ֡
巨ʿǿұʾܾ򼧣ȴһ侲
Ըܵء
˵ʲô
ҷģ˵ҪԼңôҪδ㣬Ǳġ
ҿΪԼĹҺϣ¶ȶҲŲҪ飡
һŷ˾˵򼧳ɹʥޡ١ԼȥҲӦ¡
޷ͬʱӵȴΪ˹һ
Ȼ
˵ˣûѡȨȰ㻹İɡ
巨ʿ˵󣬽߳Щץֱ۵ǡ
ҪǷһﲻܣʲô¡ˡ
յ㽫ֿͣϳȥ
֡ЦˣҾԲ£
Ҫδʵ֡
򼧱Щ׳ץסȻ󱻹ؽ˽巨ʿ׼ķ



ι쿪ţΪҾͻưո𣡸ʿɶֹҲģ
򼧷вƴţǽյȻûд򿪣ıˡ
ɶ񡭡Ҳ򲻿Ǹİ
򼧲ĵô򴰻ƺơ
䷿·ĳǿӡˡ
Ŵ·ǽڣŵڵϡ
þԸΪԼĹκ£û뵽ȻҪҵϣ¶ȵġƷ
ô˼Ψ޷ܡ
ҲװҲΪǸӵӡ
ηչֶ˵ġ
ɶ񡭡Ϊʲôݱ
һеһȫΪ
ǼһȫǼһĴ
ŷ˾
˫˸ĵڶӡΪ˸Խ򼧵֮˵ĳֺرĶŻᵼ̬չˡ
򼧷ղѡ
Ǹһ︺ΣǱ޲ߡ
ʧ
ͻȻоűƤëŵ˫ֻۣССʥٶĽԡ
ǡ桭ʲôʱġ
ֻʥ޻һûĿŻҡβ͡
οҵ𣿲ȻҪʱҲϣŷء˵ĲǻһรǱȽٸһĻ
򼧶ʥ˵ʱͻȻеһ飬˳Ĭ
˵Ҳûðɡ
ֻʥ漴վǰƵزͣҡβͣ˵Щʲô
򼧿⸱ģɻʵ
ţôˣ棿
ʥ޽žȵ
ֱԾ򼧵ؿڡ
ܵһСɵľ޴󵹣ΪԼͷҪײǽڵ˲䡭
򼧵ȻһӾʹԽǽڡ



˵һ򼧵ڼӲʯذϡ
ʹมôͻȻˣҾǽڸղšף
һ룬򼧾ȵõס
ô£
һǽʯͷɡķ䡪û䷿䡣
ңڷǡ
üҪ˺ʱ򡭡
и
棬ΪʲôأǽֹĵطҮ
Ϥæתͷȥ
վģһ㵵ضǰֻССʥ˵̵ŷ
ֻʥССԴһȫ˽ģ
ŷӣҲֻܱͷ̾
ֿʼ˰ΪʲôҪ¡
ŷɥشͷòؽ̧
ȻԺεı鿴򼧡
ˣļ̳ˡ
ҽ򼧡
ڲ뵽ȻѾ֪ԷʲôȴûбԼ֣ҽܡ
ҵ־ͺãҲϲֹĨǵĳƺ
šã֪ˡ
ŷԿ̽Ƶı򼧡

һ˵µʵ
Ǹ㿴˰ɣ
ʲô
ҵıԡ
มҿˣǼһȷ
ҲôҲǡ
ŷһ˵һˣ򼧱һ롣
ʲô
û룬̫ĻܻẦ¡
һ˭
ҡ
ΪʲôһҪأߡ
ŷ仰ϸֳȵ顣
𣿡
ɶҲƺʮԻ򼧿Ӳ̾һһ
ûϵ
ǣǸŷ˾ҮĿ𣿡
򼧶ͶԳԾ
˵ʲôɵǸһǲͬ˰ɣ
ͬˡ
Ҳ˹ǵ飬ԼǼеķšأǸŷ˾ǹͬһĹϵ԰ɣ
á
վǰ㣬ңʹҷǳŷ˾ȴ¡ҶҲп˵۹รҺ㲢ǸĴˡ
˵֮ŷıͻȻ
е㺦ߣȴֳϲá
ŷС߻Աߣ״¶Ц
Ǹɵϡ
һ˶˵ֻҺܸˡ
Ϊʲôˣ
Ϊ˵ûнŷ˾ͬһˡ
ⲻǡȻ𣿡
ŷĻһɵؽͷһߡ
ŷΪλ˵ֻ
򼧶ԣŷŷŷ˾ŷ˾ǲͬˡ
ʵĿ˸ת֮ȷˡ
Ǹͬһˡ
ŷϸֳƵЦݡ
ⲻȻ飬Ϊͨ˶ô˵ֻΪŷ˾ڵģҺվᱻΪͬһˣΨ˵ǲͬˣҷǳม
ŷĻ΢΢¶ʹı顣
һһ䶼ľһš
վǰŷǸˣ˶ĸбض˺ɡ
ᣬᵽղŻΪ˲򼧾¶־롪̫ˡ
㲻Ҫ̬˵û취Ƣ
ף
ŷһ˼飬Ͷ·ķձ˵
֮ǰĺúö㷢һɧΪӵĴ˵
ӵ״̬
˸硣
ˡҲһŷ˾£㵱ʱûжɡ˵
ƶߡ
ղ뷿ʱġǸŵòϢĶ
ٶעǸ
ôһ£
䲻ʯ췿롪һ
һżֵ쳵Ĵһˡ
˫աɫ԰ףڶʾߵı䡣
Ȼ򼧾ò
ɫͷꡪŷ˾
ģ˯һ㡣
𣿡
Ҫ㣬ȼûкȷ¡Ƿ
ǰȷʵһ߱ʬ塣
Ǵʲôʱʼģ
һʣŷһ㰵ɫȻС˵
ڹ죬öҩġ
ҩ
ֵҵܵܵš
겻üͷٴʵȻﲻô̹
ΪʲôҪأŵ˹Ӧùܾ˲Ŷ԰
Ȼǰŷ˾壬ͺŸһ
ΪȫûиãȻء
οʹΧôϾǽ˹ǵӡ
ȴᣬ纮Ƶķ⾿ôһ£
ΪȻˣȴûлٻ
ûлٻ
͸ûʧͬĵ
Ȼ޷ŷĻ
Ȼ屻ˣǲ֪Ϊλû뿪
ָδҲ˵껹ޣǹƾһǲܽܡ
ʬûиҲ̫ˡʹŷѾȥҲǲݸıʵ
ŷȴ¶ӵı顣
Ϊŷ˾ͨı׼ûõġ
ŷ²ؼϸ˵

û
ŷô˵ƺҲܹͬˡ
ǡ
򼧲׽˹ǵΪҪô
ŷԲ˵
Ϊڶܺŷ˾ȻȷʵѾûʵ˼״̬
״̬
ŷ˾ô򵥾ȫԼ𣿡
򼧱ʵ˵
ǡȷʵǡ
ǰǸƺӵкǿִпܴߵĹ˼䡣
ǾҪ㴦壬ŷ˾˵ͻѣ˭ҲԶ֡Ϊһ뿪û쳤ôϣǾͽҵ嶪ﲻܡһ²һ£ǿܾʧȽϺðɣŷ˾Ҳδӵܹ״̬һֱҵű֤ݡ
ŷĻ򼧷ǳ졣
ˣ
ǰҿʼ޷ʱԶĵطֻõһͻͷʹҲ޷άʵ塣֮ǰûƵΣҾҵļ޿쵽ˡ
㡭Ҫ𣿡
ţȻʵѾˡ
ҲָҲ˵Ҫ𣿡
ǰɣҪ֮ŷ˾ҲĻ

룬Һܿͻ巨ʿԸشʧˣΪɢ֮ҾͲǼ״̬ȥˡ
򼧵൱ӡ
ʲô黹ģŷǰ
ȻȴҪʧˡ
֮ǰ㡣
ŷૡ
̧ͷ
һʼΪҪΪҵܵܵƷеźҲֻʧȥ֮˺ܿϧڴĵ㡣
򼧾ŷĻ
ǵһĻҵˣҲϣȴΪû취Ϊʲô
ŷѾڼû巨ʿؿ⡣
ϸֳӵı顣
ŷеܸˡ
ǡ
ʵԭȵļƻˡ
˵
ף
һɡҲʲôֵø˵ġҪΪ巨ʿصˡ
ŷ֮Ȳѡ
Ϊ
ǰҪʽʧܵĻҾͻɣҶҲֹ̫ۡ
û⡢ûģ١һɹҿ㱣ֻ֤Ҫ巨ʿѡΪͲٵˣΪ֮ıӵеĻҪม
֮ǰҲ˵ô֪µأ
Ҳ巨ʿһҳǸӦ֮˵ڵص㣬ҿü
ü
ŷָ򼧵ؿڡ
ҿüร֮˾ķǳ
ŷĳ򼧿Ķ
ܿ巨ʿضɡ
ȻҲֻ̾
𡭡ɹȻ㶼ô˵ˣӦþûɡ
ŷǾ򼧵ģ̫Ծһǵضơ
ôˣ
Һܸлĺ⣬ʵ˵Ҳ뵱巨ʿص
ŷеԾ
Ϊʲô㼴Ϊʹʥﲻһ˵ҮֻҪ΢һ˭ܳΪͨǣȴֻһλܹʥƺŸӣΨһѡý巨ʿصԸ棬һϧġȻĸᣬҲһúöԴԼม
ȴ˵
᲻ҵˣҲ޷ܻɱˡ
ⶼΪŷ˾̫Σˡ
ŷһ˵꣬򼧱Գ
𣿡
仰΢ȵر졣
ĸײΪ˶ڵĻŷ˾ȫΣѽ֤ݾһֱɹطסѹһԿףҲȷʵԼΣǽ巨ʿطǵ㣬㡣
ŷĿⰵȻ˵
ǡԿײӦá֤˰ɣŷ˾
Ҳȷпͬʱܵһȶħµˡ
ˡһǲ޸ǸóһеɱˡǸŲʲôϵɡ
ŷһʱ֮䣬ֻܾն˵Щ򼧡
صͷȥ
µĽɫ˿סŷı顣
Ĭ֮
һʮľĬ
ŷ
ҲιõĿհס

뷨ȷ
ŷ˵仰
¶ɵı顣
ʲô
ǰ̧ͷһֶ̧ͷĸоһɷǳϢ
򼧵ı˲䶳ס
ŷ˾ǰ¶Цݡ
ȻǸŮֹ֮ˣ궼ϲһ͡
ı鼫׶Ҳ顣
뿪ոǰͻȻɱ˵꣬ܡ
ԼҪ۶Ϲͷǿץס򼧵֣˹
ø巨ʿʵ̫ϧˡ
ſҡ
㲻޷ԭɱҵĽ巨ʿ𣿡

򼧽ҧס촽
ԣŲ㡭
Ϊǰ˶ŭ
򼧺ô˵ȴôҲ˵ڡ
ոտŷı飬ӡԺС
ˣ޷ŷһŷ˾˵ܾĻ
ɶ񡭡
ȫ޷ʱŷ˾ԼĴ˫
һ˲䡪·ڵһжȡƵأ򼧾ʹʧȥʶ



10  ʥޡ١

ڻ谵ڵŵôӴ
Լ˯ڴϡ
𡭡
ãȻ
ǣʲôʱ򡭡
򼧻Χ
ˡұˡ
ǸԴĵӹ䷿
ǵԼʱƴֿҲͣôš
Ǻļȴʮģ
һƬ谵ڴѾˣ򼧲ǵԼн뱻ѡ
ΪȵĿ־޴
ͷְѹͷ
Ρξ𣿣
򼧾Լ˫Ӧ˽ץֱϣƺĴС
ŷ˵ĵԼŷ˾ħԵ
һжؿ̻ļС
ȻֲξǴӺδʼֵδ
ǸΡ
֪Լڷ



뷿֮ʱ
Ľ򼧵ķҲ顣
Ůڷųͬʱ߽ڡ
Щǽ˹ǵŮǡ
ǽزȻͼֿ򼧴ʯԡңҽͷų״һ
ԡҾ֮ԭΪϣ¶׼
ᱡϲƶɣûķװ
ţҪϴһıʯԼװƷ
ǴɫĴɴٽ״ƹƷװɴϣеװʹ󹤸ˡ
򼧴ŴԽһֹĥùĳȡ
ŮٺʹΧߣʹ޷ߡ
Ҳҵ𡭡
򼧷Ȼš
һߣһ߼¶ģʥ޳ɹ١ԼΪ巨ʿصӣҲԲӶԷ
ȻΪ壬ȻܵԸ˺ö飬Ҳ޿κε£ֻ޷Э
򼧴Ҫ׵ֿһ
ҪΪȢҶһӡ
ҲŲҪżɿɰ
ڱпܳΪԼɵˣҲӵȺСڡ
巨ʿѴȴ
Ȼ򼧲ϲ˹ǴͳʽװĽ巨ʿпȴʮ
ӵֺĸװ磬ɵ˵Ŀ⡣һɫͰɫƳɵķװĵɫͷԼۺġ
ǲվһоһżɡҲ뷨Ρ
򼧱ŮǿӲطǰվá
Ŀ⽫ͷɨһ
΢Ц˵
ĻܿұΪģû취ٸıˡ
򼧺ݺݵصǰӡ
ҪǳʲôʹΪʥĻҾҪ޷ƿصĶޣõʥƺŵĴۣҪȥһֵ鷳
ǻڴͺúüͰɡ
ߣ
׾ٵطߵؽ˫ȭ
˵Щǽ巨ʿȴ֣Ķ۾
ɲǼ䣬򼧱˵ǽֹסˡ
ҡҵ岻ܶˡ
򼧽Ψһɻת巨ʿء
ҪҪͷЩľٶһпľͰ׷ˣʱݵɡ

ȫ֮Ҿͻָɡ
ҵж󣬾Ҫúһ١
ʹгŭ廹һʹ
Ϊڱĳħסˡ

巨ʿһ潫򼧣һ
ʹҪȴ첻
ΥԼ־ػ̧𣬾һֻεץסǿж
򼧵޷˼뱻ǣסֵľ
ȷֻ˼֮󣬽巨ʿ¶ı顣
һǰߡ
Ŀ



һ·һǧϵĿȻûдһǽȴŲ細͸ľӣΧҲƮһա
״ˮ϶ɵƷ컨ϣ֪ЩƷģȫųѣĿĹʡǽϵĲͳһΪɫɫ֮򰲷һ
伴ʽġʥ֮Ѿۼڶ󳼡
״ʱһǽڲŶվ
Ȼǰͬǣ򼧵̤ǰһͷ
ڳ˴Ŷǽ˹ǹо൱ֵλ˰ɡЩʽװغһԵȺҲΪĹǣҲΧһصͷĵĸΡ
ţ򼧽ƶߣСع۲⡣
ڵͷȺȺУҲ򼧴ӶĻŮǡ
򼧼ǰĹ⾰ϵԼҪԵĿɲܵЦҧгһ
ôġ
򼧽һǣ֣һǰߵĽ巨ʿء
ĴԼϣõʥޡ١
Ϊ˫ĵУѾû˿ԥ
ڲԸ£Ӵ롣
վźüٵˣǿл³Ļ
ֹ̤֮ǰһֱӽƹŴ֮Ĵʾ䣬ȫ޷ݡ
質ϵػ죬ڴͣǲֹͣӽΧ̱ѻȸ
ҪеʽΪѡι
ӻ򼧡
Ҽʶһ֮˰ɡ
巨ʿ˵仰ͬʱƷ򼧵ǰ
ţеһĳбǿȳĲʸС
޷ֻܽüͷڵ֮ûþͽӵ֡
֮˰
巨ʿصĵƶߡ
ǰ֪ʱɢɫĹԡ
һСõסССâ
巨ʿؾעŹâһŵ˵
ֶܿôǿʥޡ١𣿡
һĴ滳ɣһֿ߽򼧵ǰ
ǣӵƺҪâʱȻžһ漴

巨ʿոշʲôѰԭһ㣬ǰŹâСС֮ˡ
ɫ˫ĹԽԽǿңƽ·֮ĿҲȾɫʡ
¶õı
ôܡ£
˻ɣ˵ǰʵ
Բ˼
ôˣ
ʲô¡
ֻ巨ʿ֮㲻򼧡
·ȷһ㣬Ĭע򼧵֮ˡ
ڡ
ĳ¶ֱֱ򼧵۾
㡭òᡭ
Եץס򼧵Ĳӡ
ǿָʸս򼧵ĲӣǻŭֱӴ
⵽ôһ£㡭׶ʲô
ŭʵ򼧺ʲô˼Լɱס޷ж
巨ʿһõסĲӣһߵ˵
ȻֻѲ󱲣û뵽㾹Ȼַʽҡ
һ˲䣬ΧԼǶΪһƬȻ
Ҷõ׷ʲô¡
巨ʿ򼧵ĲӲţ˿δ֡
ڲϵָԽԽǿ
ǿҵʹ򼧼ܺ
ɶ񡭡ҪҵжŲ
ɶ֪ͱǿƽ޷
ܵԽԽ󣬾ڴʱ
ͻȻвͬɧ
ѽ
һ·ʲôѰ㣬ǿҿ־ļ
˱ŵһ뽫˹ȥ
еһ翴ĳÿĶһ赹ˡ
һԵĴ󳼼æʱ򣬺Ȼһ
һеΪֹ
ûϯ쳹Χ
׼ҵ֡
ǸͳһŶ
ʹĺʱоһӶԤУĪؿ϶뷨ĿתԴ
վˡɫͷԼ֮ɫ۾ŷ˾



ڶӵͻüž˲á
һ̶̣ļ䣬ֳ·һƬֻš
˵֣˵ĳ
ǵлŴľ¡ŷ˾ЩԼ֮УȻһں̬š
巨ʿ̬ȣٶת׺ݡò
˵
ӽ򼧵Ĳɿ
ʹʿ򼧱ŵͬʱӺڣ޷ԻǹֻΪʹ΢΢¶ܵı顣
ܵǰĸ硣
ǰδеǿŭ·ȼհ㣬ɫбų
ȻΪŷ˾ȴһ㶼Ƶˬش
ҵˡ
ֵٶվһ˾ĳЩ֮
֮ĲòʣǼ̳ŨĽ˹֮Ѫ˲ӵеĶ
㲻Ǹ飬ʲô
巨ʿ˵
Ҫ㻹ſܾˣƾڵʲô
ϣڴ򰵺Ű㵯һָ֪ʱĵسֻޡ
ΪȺʥ޵ͻȻֶһ
޷ɻֻܶǡ
ǲͨҰޣǵĺоӰһ㡣
ȻǵǱ໹ҪӴҰǣʵȴǲֻͬ˫ëƤеĽɫ۾ɢҫ۵Ĺâ˫۾֪ܵǲһ
ǽ巨ʿصʥ𡭡
Щʥµòͬ޷ϸоκβб͵ϢܳʮѹȸУܸ֮ܵ
ȻףĲǱϵ
巨ʿһӦþͻ̻Ϊµɱ¾߰ɡ
ܵĳֻ˲뷨Ŀֲ֮
ӵֻʥޣֻֻɲóʥޡ
ŷ˾Ц˳
źѾõһֻʥޣһǿʥޡ
巨ʿ仰΢΢һ˿
òᡭ
ǲƵط߽
ŷ˾漴ǰ򼧡
Ȼۿ޷㣬ֻĬĬ˰ڲŷ˾ָڴؿڵ˲䣬ָ˽ȥ

򼧲ŵؿǰľ
ƭ˵İɣָȻ
ָû򼧵С
ԭӦλã֮˵֮

һĲʸдܱ򼧵ȫһ޷ܵĸо
¡
ɶá
һ˲䡪򼧵֮˵СҫĿĹâ
ţһз·Ƶҫ۹ߡ
ڵ컨ϺȻ޴Χһͻǿ硣
ڳ˽Ŀɿڴ̧ͷÿǿͷ·Ĵɨܡĳδ
һ룬ȫŰɫâ޴Ӱڴ١ˡ



Χž޴ӰĴ۹âǰؼ
ŵӰֳȫòһֻռķ֮һ൱Ĵ׾ӵи߶ֱ컨塢Ĺ𣺳Ⱦˡɫ¹Ƶɫβʷ״ڵ棬ģɴ£ϸĳǡô̬Ҳǽྻ覵İɫ
ӵһ˫籦ʯɫ۾֪żȻǴĳ塣
̬Ϣһеʥޣû˷ó
ڼžĴУֻʥҪë㣬ٶȽչٻĶ
˼ҵĿ磬ǵ类ƵƵˡ
޷ſĳ򣬵ȴӰ㴩͸ǽڣȻٴջԭȵλá
ãȻŹâ̬
ǰֻɫһվͶΧš
ڳֵֻӵʤһСԶԶͷ޵ׯơ
ǡ
巨ʿζõʥޡ
ȫʥ޵Ҳ⣬ȷͬһʥޡ
ֱǻΪ
ֻӵεʥֻɫʥǰ˴չĳҲҪʾƵؾˡ
һۼɿ˫ʵࡣ
һֱԾ۵Ľ巨ʿأʱ˵
ʲôʱ򡭡
ҧס촽
ϧһ͵õҪʥޡҲޡ
巨ʿ仰һ޷Ƶķŭһʵ
㵽ʲôʱֵģ
㲻ÿһʱ䣬Ӧٻʥ޲Ŷԡ
Ļ򼧵ɴ˫ۡ
ǲΡʵʷ𣿣
ʱŷ˾ץסֱ۲ǿǣʧȥʶ
Ժвû֮ļ䡣
ŷ˾˰ɡ
𡭡
巨ʿ˵·ע⵽¡
Ҳ˵Ѿ𡭡
Ļһ
æתŷ˾
ǰ˹ǵĵڶ¶Цݡ
顭
Ҫȷ仰ϸ۲ŷ˾ģ
վߵĽ巨ʿٶС˵
ԭˡĻҲ޲ߡ
ֻ׵ľ޴ʥޣԼӦñԼɱĸ硣
а֮˽ϧκζΪҲõĳʥ޶ߣԭʧ״̬ΪĻˡ巨ʿĶ֣侲жϳƾڵԼûκʤ㡣
ǡ򼧵뷨ͬ
ŷ˾ָ뿪ͬʱһֱҲ⿪ˡ
Ϊѣȴʵ
ûʶʱ򣬶ʲô
ţŷ˾Ŀ򼧡

۲ͼ

ʹ֮ˣʥеλߵޡ١
һܾȨûСҿû£
ҲҪͬ⣬Լľ
仰ס˺
Ѿҵ
ô˵ŭشУ
Цˣ˭Ҫﰡ
˵㲻ҡ
ǲָ㡣
򼧵ħԵɫ˫ۡ
Ƕŷ˵ġ
˼һ
ŲһŷǲͬˣҸȫĸ塣ϲŷ㡣
巨ʿشͬϢ򼧾޷ˡ
ǿҵľܾ
ŷ˾ϻƵϢʱת䡣
ְգѾ仯ΪȺ֮
һ˵ɱ
ôҪ𣿡
ŷ˾Աʵ
ʲô
е㺦¡Ѿŷ˾ǸΣ׵Ӷĳ̶ȣˣĲпȴһҲ򼧡
ڡ
ǿ޴ӵɱȴһ˶
Ҫõʥַ
ŷ˾˵
һʥ޼֮УһɱƷĻûҲܵõʥޣҲʡȥ鷳
ЩҪֹͣ
ȻԸͷӡŷ˾̬ȣǵ˵ţԭˡ
ϧò׳һĶ
ƺ㽫Լϲ߻ٵ
ԲֺеƳ򼧣ָ漴ɢɫĹ⡣
ָⴥ򼧵Ķͷ
򼧲Ծر˫ۣΪ֪ܵԼڽ졣
û뵽ҾȻʽȥ
ȫûԤϵδ
Ҳһҵ
ȻҲ׾ֿҲûáԾ巨ʿضЩʲô
ˣɲͣ˼
һܱ˰ɡ
ŷ˵ıظ򼧵ԺУиеһʹࡣ
򼧲¶ı顣һֱűʹ򼧲µ˺ۡ
˵Ҫ򼧡
Ըǵʵ֣Ҫɱ򼧡
ı⡪ȴֹ
ŷ
ԳǸ֡
֪˶ãһȻûϮ
ȡ֮ģůصѹ򼧼ϡ

˫ۡ
ӳɫķ˿ͷſ򼧵ļϡ
ŷ֣Լ֪ʱŷ˾ӵ뻳С
˴˵ľܹܵԷϢ򼧲ɵýŵֹס
ŷ
ɻ̧ͷ
˫γɫֿĿ򼧡
ϢѾɫ˫ɢ
൱Ϥ˫ƽȵ
һ֡
ǡŷ𣿡
¶΢Цظ򼧵ա
ૣ
򼧣Ƿסŷ˾Կףҵม
򼧾ĬĻ
˵һ㶼û
עٽӡ
ҵĿǰΪֹúõԼΪԿ׵ԣ֮ûԸңһҪԼ
Щ֪ŷ˾ٶȱŷӡˡ



֪ʱ˹ǵǶŷͷ
巨ʿػػΧеʧı˵
ŷ˾ӮˡȻҲϣǼȻѾϵʥޡ١Ҳͱʾʧȥ㿹ʸλʥĳƺŶġ
ı˷ֲǷԳȼŭ𣬻Ѿȫ̷ˡ
ŷȴҡͷ˵
Ҳʥһʼô㡣
ǲܵģЩҲΪ˭õʥޡ١ˡ
һŷ˾ģû취ΪҰչ˵Ҹûʸʥޡ١˲ңʽҲҷӡסˣʵϵõʥƺŵ˵ڲڡ
ŷ˾ӹɡֻҪûбһŷ˾ʥӦþֻ
仰֮ŷĨһҰɫ
巨ʿؼ䵭˵ȥ
Ƿסŷ˾Կף㵱ȻҲʰǼһ̯ӣ㶼ҪΡһжҿɲܾʹʧȥʥ
ܵܵҰľȻʽ⵽÷ŭִŸ֮ı鶪Щ
ŷΪѵؿܣȴûҪ˵
ڴ¼򣬲̾һ
ŷȷʵΪŷ˾ΪȻֻһӣŷʱûѹס
粢̧ͷ
ٶȽת򼧡
ļ̳ˡ
򼧾ıעŷ
Ըʹ𣿡
ش
ȻʥѾٻҪҵħԴĻȫɲóม
Ѿ㹻ˡ
ŷ˵ͷ򼧽Ŷ˵
СֻรΪһΪκ˵ӡ
δ˽ԼɡƷʥޡ١ȷҪ֮ŷΨеͷӦ
˼
ǣס֣Ȼ˵
ˡů¡
򼧴ĵΪ˶ϲ
ţ˫ɫ
ǰ¶ֲõЦݡ
㻽ң㻽˼ڳߵɢȥҡ

ꡪ



  

ڴҪ˵лл
Ȿ˳ʱʱӦûڴɡעָձ棩
ֹ˾ú˷ء
Уڼıߡʱ΢Ļͺˡ

أдⱾɣҲȫΪҪڴ档
Ź˼µʱǸŮָľ
ʱ룬ҪдһŮ黳Ĺ£
ǿʼд֮ŲáŮ黳Ĳ
ȻҲгĪ˸еߵڣܾŮ黳е㲻һ渴ӣ

ž
νܸҵǺþòȫ¹ม
ȻѣҲ˲䡣
žָоɣ۾ãȻܲϰǸ˲䡣

ǻ˵
ÿζԡǡûޣÿдո¹µʱָоԽǿҡ
ô˵أΪҶҲҫһ£˳Ҫװӡ
ʹҺѿܻãԶСλ뿴̬ǳ
ΪȫµĹ£Զ߸ױסƷ˿λС㡫ʱ˼ţĳλҸм˲䱻סͽƷȵаͷ
ʱһҲ֮ɡ
ǣļͨҲڴʱ䡭
֪᲻Ϲء׳ߵȴ

Ϊ¹µĵһƪǣǲǸдһЩصأ
ߵ˵εŮʮڴม
֪ΪΣʵ൱ϲĺڷɫҲд͵ǣ׶ȴǡ
ţֻҪԼĽɫŮҶúܿɰΪĸ飩ǺڷϾĿеʥԾŲ͵Ľɫдǣһдˡ
ú泩
ֻͬʱƺʧȥʲô
εŮдﵱ±ʵġ
ˣεǴŮǶģ֮ģܾһ˳ӦҪ෴Ŷԡ
ܾεеƬԱߵˣǱǸ

ȫµ˺ʸаɡ
ѾƷסϰߵļҡоʵϢ¹¾ͻ֡·ӡӡ
Ϊ磬ĸоɡ
롸ȥ𣿡ĲҲеơ
֮ܶ»ƳһŬشϣճ档һӣֻԸ˲
ԸĶͺˡ㹳ʼ

ҲдһЩ߽ݣҶдƪǵʱѾкüûˡ
Ӧ˵Ǵûкúͻ羰״̬
ߵ˳ףҲ൱˲ɡ
ͬʱҲִܹá
رǩЭ볬еլĺܷ㣬ҼҾǿЩŵάȥġ
ߵҲ˱ԽԽ죬ľҪȥô졣
عͨ˵ɡ
һǾԼ߲˵ȡΪ͸լ䷽ʽ߲˺ܹԲ֪оñȽ١ͥԺȻҲ߲ˣ˵ֲоȽϽӽҾն鷳ڼҪͥ԰쾰ˡ
ҵΪʲôÿ겥ֵأ
˵߲ȡĲšม

أΪҹԼĹҲе㷴
ҡ
ֶҲֻԵ壬ηĶ
ʱҰҲ᲻ɰطءĽ
ҹȻڹʱϳɣ
ھȵظĹǰԥһţǲǲ̫ء
кüſҵϥȴվϣôȻ̫ðɡ
ҿ뵽ԭ治١
ûϵΪе㱿ģӦúܿͻЩ°ɡ仰⣩

ƪڲ֪Ѿӽβˡ̫̫ˣҲȻضȹˡģ

ôξͺʹĵޡ
ķǳлĸλǡ
ڴٴλ档

Ѯ    ڶߵĳ    Զɰҹ



Ʒ鹹ʵ塢¼ȵһ޹ء
